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Bioluminescent Imaging Systems for Assay Developments

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Abstract

Bioluminescence (BL) is an excellent optical readout platform that has great potential to be utilized in various bioassays and molecular imaging. The advantages of BL-based bioassays include the long dynamic range, minimal background, high signal-to-noise ratios, biocompatibility for use in cell-based assays, no need of external light source for excitation, simplicity in the measurement system, and versatility in the assay design. The recent intensive research in BL has greatly diversified the available luciferase-luciferin systems in the bioassay toolbox. However, the wide variety does not promise their successful utilization in various bioassays as new tools. This is mainly due to complexity and confusion with the diversity, and the unavailability of defined standards. This review is intended to provide an overview of recent basic developments and applications in BL studies, and showcases the bioanalytical utilities. We hope that this review can be used as an instant reference on BL and provides useful guidance for readers in narrowing down their potential options in their own assay designs.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI grants to S.-B. K.: numbers 17H01215, 24225001, and 20K21851.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Institute for Environmental Management Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8569, Japan

    Sung-Bae Kim

  2. Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, 94304, United States

    Ramasamy Paulmurugan

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  1. Sung-Bae Kim
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Correspondence to Sung-Bae Kim or Ramasamy Paulmurugan.

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Sung-Bae Kimis a senior scientist at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan. After receiving his Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Tokyo, he served as a research scientist at AIST. Since 2010, he is a tenure-track researcher at AIST. His current studies include the development of novel Artificial Luciferases, synthesis of luciferins, and bioluminescent imaging probes. He is also interested in their application to bioassays and molecular imaging in living subjects.

Ramasamy Paulmuruganis an associate professor in the Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA. He received his Ph.D. from University of Madras, India. After serving as a scientist in Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology, India, he joined Stanford University in 2003 as a senior research scientist to work under the Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford University (MIPS). Since 2009, he is an academic faculty at Stanford University School of Medicine. Currently, his lab is working on developing in vivo molecular imaging assays to noninvasively monitor different epigenetic process in live animals. His lab is also working on developing novel molecularly targeted therapies (microRNA and gene therapy) for various cancers.

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Kim, SB., Paulmurugan, R. Bioluminescent Imaging Systems for Assay Developments. ANAL. SCI. 37, 233–247 (2021). https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.20R003

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