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Monitoring of the Pesticide Diazinon in Soil, Stem and Surface Water of Rice Fields

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Abstract

Diazinon is an organophosphorus insecticide (OPP) that is used as a pesticide for Chilo suppressalis (WLK) (Lep., Pyralidae) in rice fields. The extraction of diazinon from soil and the stems of rice plants has been carried out by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and the results compared with ultrasonic extraction (USE). The best parameters for MAE are hexane-acetone (8:2 v/v) as a solvent, a 2.5 min extraction time, and 20 ml of the solvent volume. Also, surface-water samples of the rice fields were extracted by solid phase extraction (SPE) using a C18 disc. The optimum conditions of SPE were a sample volume of 750 ml, a pH of 7 and high ionic strength of water. The extracted samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The relative standard deviation (RSD) and regression coefficients related to the linearity were < 3.5% (n = 5) and 0.99, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) is 0.1 ng ml-1 with selected ion monitoring (SIM) at 137 m/z. The average recoveries of diazinon in soil and stem samples by MAE and surface-water by SPE were 98% (±3), 94% (±5) and 87% (±3), respectively. In June, the concentration of diazinon in soil and stem samples of the rice plants in Guilan province is high (55 ng ml-1) and in September is low (2 ng ml-1). In surface-water samples, the results are converse. In November, diazinon can not be detected in soil, stem or surface-water samples. Diazinon is degraded to diethylthiophosphoric acid. Also, three microorganism genera (Pseudomonas sp, Flavobacterium sp and Agrobacterium sp) have been found to degrade diazinon in soil and surface water.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, Iran

    Alireza Ghassempour

  2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

    Ali Mohammadkhah & Mohammad Rajabzadeh

  3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

    Fazel Najafi

Authors
  1. Alireza Ghassempour
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  2. Ali Mohammadkhah
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  3. Fazel Najafi
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  4. Mohammad Rajabzadeh
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Correspondence to Alireza Ghassempour.

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Ghassempour, A., Mohammadkhah, A., Najafi, F. et al. Monitoring of the Pesticide Diazinon in Soil, Stem and Surface Water of Rice Fields. ANAL. SCI. 18, 779–783 (2002). https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.18.779

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.18.779

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