İntihar Sonrası Yas Süreci: Bir Sistematik Gözden Geçirme

Büşra Nur Dağ; Özden Yalçınkaya Alkar

doi:10.18863/pgy.1003904

Derleme

Post-Suicide Grief Process: A Systematic Review

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 371 - 382, 30.09.2022

Büşra Nur Dağ Özden Yalçınkaya Alkar

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1003904

Cited By: 1

Öz

While suicide has been a frequently studied subject in the literature, the grief process experienced by the survivors after suicide has been one of the neglected topics. Contributing to the literature and being able to understand how the bereavement processes of people shaped who experience the grief after suicide are the purposes of the systematic review. Accordingly, it was decided to include quantitative studies with comparative groups in order to understand whether these people are in the risk group or not, and qualitative studies to understand the grieving process in deeply. Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBOSCO and ProQuest databases were searched and 28 studies were included in the systematic review. The prisma chart of the review and the summary of the studies are presented with the tables. According to the findings, it can be stated that the bereavement process of people who experience the grief process after suicide is shaped in a different way. Points to be considered about the bereavement process of people who have experienced a post-suicide grief and suggestions for this grief process are given in the discussion and conclusion part of the study.

Anahtar Kelimeler

suicide, bereavement, loss, systematic review

Kaynakça

Amerikan Psikiyatri Birliği. (2013) Mental Bozuklukların Tanısal ve Sayımsal El Kitabı, Beşinci Baskı. (DSM-V). (E. Köroğlu, Çev.) Ankara: Hekimler Yayın Birliği.
an Fhailí, M. N., Flynn, N. ve Dowling, S. (2016). Experiences of suicide bereavement: A qualitative study exploring the role of GP. British Journal of General Practice, 66, e92-e98. doi: 10.3399/bjgp16X683413.
Andriessen, K., & Krysinska, K. (2012). Essential questions on suicide bereavement and postvention. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 9, 24-32. doi: 10.3390/ijerph9010024
Azorina, V., Morant, N., Nesse, H., Stevenson, F., Osborn, D., King, M. ve Pitman, A. (2019). The perceived impact of suicide bereavement on specific interpersonal relationships: A qualitative study of survey data. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16, 1-15. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16101801.
Barrett, T. W. ve Scott, T. B. (1990). Suicide bereavement and recovey patterns compared with nonsuicide bereavement patterns. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 20(1), 1-15. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910.28.1.26.
Begley, M. ve Quayle, E. (2007). The lived experience of adults bereaved by suicide: A phenomenological study. Crisis, 28, 26-34. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910.28.1.26.
Bolton, J. M., Au, W., Leslie, W. D., Martens, P. J., Enns, M. W., Roos, L. L., . . . Sareen, J. (2013). Parents bereaved by offspring suicide. JAMA Psychiatry, 70, 158-167. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.275.
Castle, J. ve Phillips, W. L. (2003). Grief rituals: Aspects that facilitate adjustment to bereavement. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 8, 41-71. doi: doi.org/10.1080/15325020305876
Clark, S. E. ve Goldney, R. D. (1995). Grief reactions and recovery in a support group for people bereaved by suicide. Crisis, 16, 27-33. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910.16.1.27.
Colucci, E. (2013). Culture, Cultural Meaning(s), and Suicide. E. Colucci, & D. Lester içinde, Suicide and Culture: Understanding the Context (s. 25-46). Hogrefe Publishing.
Crosby, A. E. ve Sacks, J. J. (2002). Exposure to suicide: Incidence and association with suicidal ideation and behavior: United States, 1994. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 32, 321-328. doi: 10.1521/suli.32.3.321.22170.
De Groot, M., de Keijeer, J., Neeleman, J., Kerkhof, A., Nolen, W. ve Burger, H. (2007). Cognitive behaviour therapy to prevent complicated grief among relatives and spouses bereaved by suicide: Cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ, 334, 1-6. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39161.457431.55
De Groot, M., Neeleman, J., van der Meer, K. ve Burger, H. (2010). The effectiveness of family-based cognitive-behavior grief therapy to prevent complicated grief in relatives of suicide victims: The mediating role of suicide ideation. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 40, 425-437.doi: 10.1521/suli.2010.40.5.425
Dyregrov, K., Nordanger, D. ve Dyregrov, A. (2003). Predictors of psychosocial distress after suicide, sids and accidents. Death Studies, 27, 143-165. doi: 10.1080/07481180302892.
Eisma, M. C., te Riele, B., Overgaauw, M. ve Doering, B. K. (2019). Does prolonged grief or suicide bereavement cause public stigma? A vignette-based experiment. Psychiatry Research, 272, 784-789. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.122.
Eng, J., Drabwell, L., Stevenson, F., King, M., Osborn, D. ve Pitman, A. (2019). Use of alcohol and unprescribed drugs after suicide bereavement: Qualitative study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16, 1-12. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16214093.
Feigelman, W., Gorman, B. S. ve Jordan, J. R. (2009). Stigmatization and suicide bereavement. Death Studies, 33, 591-608. doi: 10.1080/07481180902979973.
Gaffney, M. ve Hannigan, B. (2010). Suicide bereavement and coping: A descriptive and interpretative analysis of the coping process. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 526-535. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.137.
Gearing, R. E., & Lizardi, D. (2009). Religion and suicide. Journal of Religion and Health, 48, 332-341. doi: 10.1007/s10943-008-9181-2.
Harwood, D., Hawton, K., Hope, T. ve Jacoby, R. (2002). The grief experiences and needs of bereaved relatives and friends of older people dying through suicide: A descriptive and case-control study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 72, 185-194. doi: 10.1016/s0165-0327(01)00462-1.
Holland, J. M., Courier, J. M. ve Neimeyer, R. A. (2006). Meaning resconstruction in the first two years of bereavement: The role of sense-making and benefit-finding. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying, 53, 175-191. doi: 10.2190/FKM2-YJTY-F9VV-9XWY.
Hom, M. A., Stanley, I. H., Gutierrez, P. M. ve Joiner, T. E. (2017). Exploring the association between exposure to suicide and suicide risk among military service members and veterans. Journal of Affective Disorders, 207, 327-335. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.09.043.
Houck, J. A. (2007). A comparison of grief reactions in cancer, HIV/AIDS, and suicide bereavement. Journal of HIV/AIDS & Social Services, 6, 97-112. doi: 10.1300/J187v06n03_07.
Houwen, K. v., Stroebe, M., Stroebe, W., Schut, H., Bout, J. v. ve Meij , L. D. (2010). Risk factors for bereavement outcome: A multivariate approach. Death Studies, 34, 195-220. doi: 10.1080/07481180903559196.
Hunt, Q. A., Young, T. A. ve Hertlein, K. M. (2019). The process of long-term suicide bereavement: Responsibility, familial support, and meaning-making. Contemporary Family Therapy, 41, 335-346. doi: 10.1007/s10591-019-09499-5.
Hybholt, L., Berring, L. L., Erlangsen, A., Fleischer, E., Toftegaard, J., Kristensen, E., . . . Buus, N. (2020). Older adults' conduct of everyday life after bereavement by suicide: A qualitative study. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1-10. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01131.
ICD-11. (2021, Haziran 10). ICD-11 Coding Tool Mortality and Morbidity Statistics (MMS). ICD-11 Coding Tool: (https://icd.who.int/ct11/icd11_mms/en/release adresinden alındı.)
Jordan, J. R. (2020). Lessons learnerd: Forty years of clinical work with suicide lose survivors. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1-9. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00766
Kübler-Ross, E. (1973). On death and dying. (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203010495
Leenaars, A. A., Sayin, A., Candansayar, S., Leenaars, L., Akar, T., & Demirel, B. (2010). Suicide in different cultures: A thematic comparison of suicide notes from Turkey and the United States. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 41, 253-263. doi: 10.1177/0022022109354640
Lundorff, M., Holmgren, H., Zachariae, R., Farver-Vestergaard, I. ve O'Connor, M. (2017). Prevalence of prolonged grief disorder in adult bereavement: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 212, 138-149. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.01.030.
Miklin, S., Mueller, A. S., Abrutyn, S. ve Ordonez, K. (2019). What does it mean to be exposed to suicide?: Suicide exposure, suicide risk, and the importance of meaning-making. Social Science & Medicine, 233, 21-27. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.05.019
Oexle, N. ve Sheehan, L. (2019). Perceived social support and mental health after suicide loss. Crisis, 65-69. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000594
Ohayi, S. R. (2019). "Doctor, please don't say he died by suicide": Exploring the burden of suicide survivorship in a developing country. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 9, 1-7. doi: 10.1186/s41935-019-0153-3
Pitman, A. L., Osborn, D. P., Rantell, K. ve King, M. B. (2016). The stigma perceived by people bereaved by suicide and other sudden deaths: A cross-sectional UK study of 3432 bereaved adults. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 87, 22-29. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.05.009
Pitman, A. L., Stevenson, F., Osborn, D. P. ve King, M. B. (2018). The stigma associated with bereavement by suicide and other sudden deaths: A qualitative interview study. Social Science & Medicine, 198, 121-129. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.12.035.
Pitman, A., Putri, A. K., De Souza, T., Stevenson, F., King, M., Osborn, D. ve Morant, N. (2018). The impact of suicide bereavement on educational and occupational functioning: A qualitative study of 460 bereaved adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15, 1-17. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15040643.
Pitman, A., Stevenson, F., King, M. ve Osborn, D. (2020). Self-reported patterns of use of alcohol and drugs after suicide bereavement and other sudden losses: A mixed methods study of 1854 young bereaved adults in the UK. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1-12. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01024
Ross, V., Kõlves, K., Kunde, L. ve De Leo, D. (2018). Parents' experiences of suicide-bereavement: A qualitative study at 6 and 12 months after loss. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15, 1-10. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15040618
Ross, V., Kõlves, K. ve De Leo, D. (2019). Exploring the support needs of people bereaved by suicide: A qualitative study. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying, 1-14. doi: 10.1177/0030222819825775
Sanders, C. M. (1988). Risk factors in bereavement outcome. Journal of Social Issues, 44, 97-111. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1988.tb02079.x
Sanford, R., Cerel, J., McGann, V., & Maple, M. (2016). Suicide loss survivors' experiences with therapy: Implications for clinical practice. Community Mental Health Journal, 52, 551-558. doi: 10.1007/s10597-016-0006-6
Sezgin, U., Yüksel, Ş., Topçu, Z. ve Dişcigil, A. G. (2004). Ne zaman travmatik yas tanısı konur? Ne zaman tedavi başlar? Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 7, 167-175.
Spillane, A., Matvienko-Sikar, K., Larkin, C., Corcoran, P. ve Arensman, E. (2018). What are the physical and psychological health effects of suicide bereavement on family members? An observational and interview mixed-methods study in Ireland. BMJ Open, 8, 1-11. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019472.
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İntihar Sonrası Yas Süreci: Bir Sistematik Gözden Geçirme

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 371 - 382, 30.09.2022

Büşra Nur Dağ Özden Yalçınkaya Alkar

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1003904

Cited By: 1

Öz

İntihar alanyazında sıkça çalışılan bir konu olagelmişken, ölümle sonuçlanan intihar sonrasında geride kalanların nasıl bir yas süreci yaşadıkları göz ardı edilen konulardan biri olmuştur. Sistematik derlemenin amaçları arasında; bu konuda alanyazına katkı sağlamak ve intihar sonrası yas süreci yaşayan kişilerin yas süreçlerinin nasıl şekillendiğini anlayabilmek bulunmaktadır. Ek olarak yasa yönelik hayata geçirilebilecek müdahale programlarında dikkat edilmesi gereken önemli noktalara değinilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, sistematik derleme çalışmasına intihar eden kişinin geride kalan yakınlarının risk grubunda olup olmadığını anlayabilmek için karşılaştırılmalı grupların bulunduğu nicel çalışmalar ve yaşanılan yas sürecini derinlemesine anlayabilmek için yapılan nitel çalışmaların birlikte dahil edilmesine karar verilmiştir. Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBOSCO ve ProQuest veritabanları taranmış ve sistematik derlemeye 28 çalışma dahil edilmiştir. Derlemenin akış diagramı ve çalışmaların özeti tablolarla birlikte sunulmuştur. Bulgulara göre, intihar sonrası yas süreci yaşayan kişilerin yas sürecinin farklı bir biçimde şekillendiği dile getirilebilir. İntihar sonrası yas süreci yaşayan kişilerin yas sürecine dair dikkat edilmesi gereken noktalar ve buna yönelik öneriler çalışmanın tartışma ve sonuç bölümünde verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İntihar, yas süreci, kayıp, sistematik derleme

Kaynakça

Amerikan Psikiyatri Birliği. (2013) Mental Bozuklukların Tanısal ve Sayımsal El Kitabı, Beşinci Baskı. (DSM-V). (E. Köroğlu, Çev.) Ankara: Hekimler Yayın Birliği.
an Fhailí, M. N., Flynn, N. ve Dowling, S. (2016). Experiences of suicide bereavement: A qualitative study exploring the role of GP. British Journal of General Practice, 66, e92-e98. doi: 10.3399/bjgp16X683413.
Andriessen, K., & Krysinska, K. (2012). Essential questions on suicide bereavement and postvention. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 9, 24-32. doi: 10.3390/ijerph9010024
Azorina, V., Morant, N., Nesse, H., Stevenson, F., Osborn, D., King, M. ve Pitman, A. (2019). The perceived impact of suicide bereavement on specific interpersonal relationships: A qualitative study of survey data. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16, 1-15. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16101801.
Barrett, T. W. ve Scott, T. B. (1990). Suicide bereavement and recovey patterns compared with nonsuicide bereavement patterns. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 20(1), 1-15. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910.28.1.26.
Begley, M. ve Quayle, E. (2007). The lived experience of adults bereaved by suicide: A phenomenological study. Crisis, 28, 26-34. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910.28.1.26.
Bolton, J. M., Au, W., Leslie, W. D., Martens, P. J., Enns, M. W., Roos, L. L., . . . Sareen, J. (2013). Parents bereaved by offspring suicide. JAMA Psychiatry, 70, 158-167. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.275.
Castle, J. ve Phillips, W. L. (2003). Grief rituals: Aspects that facilitate adjustment to bereavement. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 8, 41-71. doi: doi.org/10.1080/15325020305876
Clark, S. E. ve Goldney, R. D. (1995). Grief reactions and recovery in a support group for people bereaved by suicide. Crisis, 16, 27-33. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910.16.1.27.
Colucci, E. (2013). Culture, Cultural Meaning(s), and Suicide. E. Colucci, & D. Lester içinde, Suicide and Culture: Understanding the Context (s. 25-46). Hogrefe Publishing.
Crosby, A. E. ve Sacks, J. J. (2002). Exposure to suicide: Incidence and association with suicidal ideation and behavior: United States, 1994. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 32, 321-328. doi: 10.1521/suli.32.3.321.22170.
De Groot, M., de Keijeer, J., Neeleman, J., Kerkhof, A., Nolen, W. ve Burger, H. (2007). Cognitive behaviour therapy to prevent complicated grief among relatives and spouses bereaved by suicide: Cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ, 334, 1-6. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39161.457431.55
De Groot, M., Neeleman, J., van der Meer, K. ve Burger, H. (2010). The effectiveness of family-based cognitive-behavior grief therapy to prevent complicated grief in relatives of suicide victims: The mediating role of suicide ideation. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 40, 425-437.doi: 10.1521/suli.2010.40.5.425
Dyregrov, K., Nordanger, D. ve Dyregrov, A. (2003). Predictors of psychosocial distress after suicide, sids and accidents. Death Studies, 27, 143-165. doi: 10.1080/07481180302892.
Eisma, M. C., te Riele, B., Overgaauw, M. ve Doering, B. K. (2019). Does prolonged grief or suicide bereavement cause public stigma? A vignette-based experiment. Psychiatry Research, 272, 784-789. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.122.
Eng, J., Drabwell, L., Stevenson, F., King, M., Osborn, D. ve Pitman, A. (2019). Use of alcohol and unprescribed drugs after suicide bereavement: Qualitative study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16, 1-12. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16214093.
Feigelman, W., Gorman, B. S. ve Jordan, J. R. (2009). Stigmatization and suicide bereavement. Death Studies, 33, 591-608. doi: 10.1080/07481180902979973.
Gaffney, M. ve Hannigan, B. (2010). Suicide bereavement and coping: A descriptive and interpretative analysis of the coping process. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 526-535. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.137.
Gearing, R. E., & Lizardi, D. (2009). Religion and suicide. Journal of Religion and Health, 48, 332-341. doi: 10.1007/s10943-008-9181-2.
Harwood, D., Hawton, K., Hope, T. ve Jacoby, R. (2002). The grief experiences and needs of bereaved relatives and friends of older people dying through suicide: A descriptive and case-control study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 72, 185-194. doi: 10.1016/s0165-0327(01)00462-1.
Holland, J. M., Courier, J. M. ve Neimeyer, R. A. (2006). Meaning resconstruction in the first two years of bereavement: The role of sense-making and benefit-finding. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying, 53, 175-191. doi: 10.2190/FKM2-YJTY-F9VV-9XWY.
Hom, M. A., Stanley, I. H., Gutierrez, P. M. ve Joiner, T. E. (2017). Exploring the association between exposure to suicide and suicide risk among military service members and veterans. Journal of Affective Disorders, 207, 327-335. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.09.043.
Houck, J. A. (2007). A comparison of grief reactions in cancer, HIV/AIDS, and suicide bereavement. Journal of HIV/AIDS & Social Services, 6, 97-112. doi: 10.1300/J187v06n03_07.
Houwen, K. v., Stroebe, M., Stroebe, W., Schut, H., Bout, J. v. ve Meij , L. D. (2010). Risk factors for bereavement outcome: A multivariate approach. Death Studies, 34, 195-220. doi: 10.1080/07481180903559196.
Hunt, Q. A., Young, T. A. ve Hertlein, K. M. (2019). The process of long-term suicide bereavement: Responsibility, familial support, and meaning-making. Contemporary Family Therapy, 41, 335-346. doi: 10.1007/s10591-019-09499-5.
Hybholt, L., Berring, L. L., Erlangsen, A., Fleischer, E., Toftegaard, J., Kristensen, E., . . . Buus, N. (2020). Older adults' conduct of everyday life after bereavement by suicide: A qualitative study. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1-10. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01131.
ICD-11. (2021, Haziran 10). ICD-11 Coding Tool Mortality and Morbidity Statistics (MMS). ICD-11 Coding Tool: (https://icd.who.int/ct11/icd11_mms/en/release adresinden alındı.)
Jordan, J. R. (2020). Lessons learnerd: Forty years of clinical work with suicide lose survivors. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1-9. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00766
Kübler-Ross, E. (1973). On death and dying. (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203010495
Leenaars, A. A., Sayin, A., Candansayar, S., Leenaars, L., Akar, T., & Demirel, B. (2010). Suicide in different cultures: A thematic comparison of suicide notes from Turkey and the United States. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 41, 253-263. doi: 10.1177/0022022109354640
Lundorff, M., Holmgren, H., Zachariae, R., Farver-Vestergaard, I. ve O'Connor, M. (2017). Prevalence of prolonged grief disorder in adult bereavement: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 212, 138-149. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.01.030.
Miklin, S., Mueller, A. S., Abrutyn, S. ve Ordonez, K. (2019). What does it mean to be exposed to suicide?: Suicide exposure, suicide risk, and the importance of meaning-making. Social Science & Medicine, 233, 21-27. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.05.019
Oexle, N. ve Sheehan, L. (2019). Perceived social support and mental health after suicide loss. Crisis, 65-69. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000594
Ohayi, S. R. (2019). "Doctor, please don't say he died by suicide": Exploring the burden of suicide survivorship in a developing country. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 9, 1-7. doi: 10.1186/s41935-019-0153-3
Pitman, A. L., Osborn, D. P., Rantell, K. ve King, M. B. (2016). The stigma perceived by people bereaved by suicide and other sudden deaths: A cross-sectional UK study of 3432 bereaved adults. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 87, 22-29. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.05.009
Pitman, A. L., Stevenson, F., Osborn, D. P. ve King, M. B. (2018). The stigma associated with bereavement by suicide and other sudden deaths: A qualitative interview study. Social Science & Medicine, 198, 121-129. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.12.035.
Pitman, A., Putri, A. K., De Souza, T., Stevenson, F., King, M., Osborn, D. ve Morant, N. (2018). The impact of suicide bereavement on educational and occupational functioning: A qualitative study of 460 bereaved adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15, 1-17. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15040643.
Pitman, A., Stevenson, F., King, M. ve Osborn, D. (2020). Self-reported patterns of use of alcohol and drugs after suicide bereavement and other sudden losses: A mixed methods study of 1854 young bereaved adults in the UK. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1-12. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01024
Ross, V., Kõlves, K., Kunde, L. ve De Leo, D. (2018). Parents' experiences of suicide-bereavement: A qualitative study at 6 and 12 months after loss. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15, 1-10. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15040618
Ross, V., Kõlves, K. ve De Leo, D. (2019). Exploring the support needs of people bereaved by suicide: A qualitative study. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying, 1-14. doi: 10.1177/0030222819825775
Sanders, C. M. (1988). Risk factors in bereavement outcome. Journal of Social Issues, 44, 97-111. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1988.tb02079.x
Sanford, R., Cerel, J., McGann, V., & Maple, M. (2016). Suicide loss survivors' experiences with therapy: Implications for clinical practice. Community Mental Health Journal, 52, 551-558. doi: 10.1007/s10597-016-0006-6
Sezgin, U., Yüksel, Ş., Topçu, Z. ve Dişcigil, A. G. (2004). Ne zaman travmatik yas tanısı konur? Ne zaman tedavi başlar? Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 7, 167-175.
Spillane, A., Matvienko-Sikar, K., Larkin, C., Corcoran, P. ve Arensman, E. (2018). What are the physical and psychological health effects of suicide bereavement on family members? An observational and interview mixed-methods study in Ireland. BMJ Open, 8, 1-11. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019472.
Spiwak, R., Elias, B., Sareen, J., Chartier, M., Katz, L. Y. ve Bolton, J. M. (2020). Spouses bereaved by suicide: A population-based longitudinal cohort comparison of physician-diagnosed mental disorders and hospitalized suicide attempts. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 130, 347-354. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.275.
Stroebe, M., ve Schut, H. (1999). The dual process model of coping with bereavement: rationale and description. Death Studies, 23, 197-224. doi: 10.1080/074811899201046
Türk Dil Kurumu. (2021, Haziran 6). Türk Dil Kurumu Sözlükleri. (https://sozluk.gov.tr/: https://sozluk.gov.tr/ adresinden alındı.) Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. (2021, Haziran 6). İstatistik Veri Portalı. data.tuik.gov.tr: (https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Search/Search?text=%C3%B6l%C3%BCm adresinden alındı.)
Tal, I., Mauro, C., Reynolds, C. F., Shear, M. K., Simon, N., Lebowitz, B., . . . Zisook, S. (2017). Complicated grief after suicide bereavement and other causes of death. Death Studies, 41, 267-275. doi: 10.1080/07481187.2016.1265028.
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Wainwright, V., Cordingley, L., Chew-Graham, C. A., Kapur, N., Shaw, J., Smith, S., . . . McDonnell, S. (2020). Experiences of support from primary care and perceived needs of parents bereaved by suicide: A qualitative study. British Journal of General Practice, 102-110. doi: 10.3399/bjgp20X707849.
Worden, J. W. (2018). Grief Counseling and Grief Therapy: A Handbook for the Mental Health Practitioner. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.
Young, J. (2002). Morals, suicide, and psychiatry: A view from Japan. Bioethics, 16, 412-424. doi: 10.1111/1467-8519.00299.

Toplam 52 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	Türkçe
Konular	Psikoloji
Bölüm	Derleme
Yazarlar	Büşra Nur Dağ 0000-0003-1860-6097 Özden Yalçınkaya Alkar 0000-0001-8484-9199
Yayımlanma Tarihi	30 Eylül 2022
Kabul Tarihi	13 Ocak 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2022 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

AMA	Dağ BN, Yalçınkaya Alkar Ö. İntihar Sonrası Yas Süreci: Bir Sistematik Gözden Geçirme. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. Eylül 2022;14(3):371-382. doi:10.18863/pgy.1003904

Cited By

Institutional suicide as anomie: decedents speak out for work-related suicides through a Durkheimian exploration of suicide notes in a context without institutional responsibilization for suicide prevention

Frontiers in Sociology

https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2024.1309119

Makale Dosyaları

Tam Metin

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