J. For. Sci., 2007, 53(20):45-52 | DOI: 10.17221/2157-JFS

Spatial distribution of four spruce bark beetles in north-western Slovakia

M. Turčáni1, T. Hlásny2
1 Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
2 Department of Ecology and Biodiversity of Forest Ecosystems, National Forest Centre - Forest Research Institute, Zvolen, Slovakia

Infestation density of four the most common spruce bark beetle species was estimated on 15 study sites (10 trees per site) in the Kysuce model region in 2006. Five half-metre long sections of the stem were selected and dissected at the base of the stem; midway between the base of the stem and the base of the crown; just below the base of the crown; in the middle of the crown; and in the upper part of the crown. The infestation density of bark beetles, expressed as the number of mating chambers per dm2, was determined. Ordinary kriging was then used to produce smooth maps and visualize spatial distribution of study species. Maps with isolines indicating high infestation were produced for study species (I. Typographus over 0.38; (I. amitinus over 0.15; (I. duplicatus over 0.11; and P. chalcographus over 0.415 nuptial chambers per dm2). Ips typographus L. remained dominant species on majority of sites having high intensity of infestation. Lower altitudes in the south-eastern part of the region were often infested by I. duplicatus Sahlberg and also by I. typographu and Pityogenes chalcographus L. Higher elevations in the north-eastern part of territory in the vicinity of border with Poland were heavily infested by I. amitinus Eichhoff (often with I. typographus). P. chalcographus was abundant on majority of territory - mainly in southern half of area. However locally, it was found in extremely high abundance. The results suggest the need for control measures set up jointly against the most abundant bark beetle species in study region.

Keywords: bark beetles; infested spruces; spatial distribution; kriging

Published: December 31, 2007  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Turčáni M, Hlásny T. Spatial distribution of four spruce bark beetles in north-western Slovakia. J. For. Sci.. 2007;53(Special Issue):45-52. doi: 10.17221/2157-JFS.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. BYERS J.A., 1996. An encounter rate model of bark beetle populations searching at random for susceptible host trees. Ecological Modelling, 91: 57-66. Go to original source...
    2. GOOVAERTS P., 1998. Ordinary cokriging revisited. Mathematical Geology, 30: 21-42. Go to original source...
    3. GRODZKI W., 1996. Changes in the occurrence of bark beetles on Norway spruce in a forest decline area in the Sudety Mountains in Poland. In: GREGOIRE J.C., LIEBHOLD A.M., STEPHEN F.M., DAY K.R., SALOM S.M. (eds), Proceedings of the IUFRO Conference, Integrating Cultural Tactics into the Management of Bark Beetles and Reforestation Pests, Vallombrosa 1-4 September. USDA, Forest Service General Technical Report NE-236: 105-111.
    4. GRODZKI W., 1997. Pityogenes chalcographus - an indicator of manmade changes in Norway spruce stands. Biológia (Bratislava), 52: 217-220.
    5. JAKUŠ R., GRODZKI W., JEŽÍK M., JACHYM M., 2003. Definition of spatial patterns of bark beetle Ips typographus (L.) outbreak spreading in Tatra Mountains (Central Europe), using GIS. In: LIEBHOLD A.M., McMANUS M.M., GRODZKI W. (eds), Proceedings Ecology, Survey and Management of Forest Insects. USDA Forest Service, General Technical Report NE-311: 25-32.
    6. JANKOVSKÝ L., 2002. Riziko aktivizace chorob lesních dřevin v podmínkách klimatické změny. Lesnická práce, 81: 206-208.
    7. KULA E., ZABECKI W., 2006. Spruce windfalls and cambioxylophagous fauna in an area with the basic and outbreak state of Ips typographus. Journal of Forest Science, 52: 497-509. Go to original source...
    8. LIEBHOLD A.M., ROSSI R.E., KEMP W.P., 1993. Geostatistics and geographic information systems in applied insect ecology. Annual Revue of Entomology, 38: 303-327. Go to original source...
    9. LINDELÖW Å., RISBERG B., SJÖDIN K., 1992. Attraction during flight of scolytids and other bark- and wood-dwelling beetles to volatiles from fresh and stored spruce wood. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 22: 224-228. Go to original source...
    10. MATHERON G., 1963. Principles of geostatistics. Economic Geology, 58: 1246-1266. Go to original source...
    11. MATTSON W. J., HAACK R.A., 1987. The role of drought in outbreaks of plant-eating insects. BioScience, 37: 110-118. Go to original source...
    12. ØKLAND B., BJØRNSTAD O.N., 2003. Synchrony and geographical variation of the spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) during a non-epidemic period. American Naturalist, 45: 213-219. Go to original source...
    13. PERRY J.N., LIEBHOLD A.M., ROSENBERG M.S., DUNGAN J., MIRITI M., JAKOMULSKA A., CITRON-POUSTY S.Ê., 2002. Illustration and guidelines for selecting statistical methods for quantifying spatial patterns in ecological data. Ecography, 25: 578-600. Go to original source...
    14. ROSSI E.R., MULLA D.L., JOURNEL A.G., FRANZ E.H., 1992. Geostatistical tools for modeling and interpreting ecological spatial dependence. Ecological Monographs, 62: 277-314. Go to original source...
    15. TUNSET K., NILSON A.C., ANDERSEN J., 1993. Primary attraction in host recognition of coniferous bark beetles and bark weevils (Col., Scolytidae and Curculionidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 115: 155-169. Go to original source...
    16. TURČÁNI M., NOVOTNÝ J., 1998. The importance of eighttoothed spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus L.) in Central Europe. In: Proceedings of U.S. Department of Agriculture Interagency Gypsy Moth Research Forum, January 20-23, 1998. Annapolis, MD: 62-63.
    17. TURČÁNI M., VAKULA J., HLÁSNY T., 2006. Analýza populácií lykožrútov na Kysuciach, odhad ďalšieho vývoja a predbežný návrh opatrení. In: KUNCA A. (ed.), Aktuálne problémy v ochrane lesa 2006. Zvolen, Lesnícky výskumný ústav: 84-93.
    18. ZÚBRIK M., KUNCA A., TURČÁNI M., VAKULA J., LEONTOVYČ R., 2006a. Invasive and quarantine pests in forests in Slovakia. EPPO Bulletin, 36: 402-408. Go to original source...
    19. ZÚBRIK M., BRUTOVSKÝ D., BUČKO J., FERENČÍK J., FINĎO S., FLEISCHER P., HLAVÁČ P., JAKUŠ R., KALISKÝ K., KAŠTIER P., KODRÍK J., KONÔPKA B., KONÔPKA J., KOREŇ M., KUNCA A., NOVOTNÝ J., PAVLÍK M., PAVLÍK Š., RAŠI R., TURČÁNI M., VAKULA J., 2006b. Projekt ochrany lesa na území TANAP-u po vetrovej kalamite zo dňa 19. 11. 2004 pre štátne a neštátne subjekty - realizačný projekt pre rok 2006. Zvolen, Lesnícky výskumný ústav: 140.

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content