우리나라의 빈집 문제는 농어촌지역의 이촌향도현상에서부터 시작되었다. 하지만, 오늘날 빈집 문제는 농어촌지역만의 문제가 아니라 우리나라 사회 전반적인 문제로 대두되고 있다. 출산율의 감소, 고령인구의 증가, 주택의 노후화, 주택의 과잉공급 등으로 인해 생겨나고 있는 빈집은 지역의 위해요인으로서 많은 문제들을 내포하고 있다. 그리고 빈집은 매매, 재개발 등의 특별한 호재가 없다면 계속 방치될 수밖에 없는 특징을 가지고 있으며, 빈집이 발생하면 그 주변지역에 추가적인 빈집이 발생하는 과정들이 되풀이 되면서 해당 지역의 거주 환경은 나빠질 수밖에 없는 상황으로 변하고 있다. 본 연구는 원도심내 방치되어 있는 빈집을 지역 자산으로 활용할 수 있는 방법을 찾고자 문헌연구와 선행연구 그리고 국내외 사례를 검토하여 방안을 모색하였다. 빈집 정책이 성공적으로 진행되기 위해서는 첫째, 정부, 광역자치단체, 기초자치단체의 주체별 역할에 대한 체계적인 분담, 둘째, 빈집을 지역 자산으로 유통을 촉진시키고 활용하기 위한 ‘빈집은행제도’의 도입, 셋째, 사회적 기업(NPO법인) 등이 참여하여 빈집 관련 업무를 수행할 수 있는 법적 근거가 마련되어야 사회적 문젯거리로 취급받는 빈집 정책이 성공을 거둘 수 있을 것이다.
The empty house matter in Korea started from the phenomenon of rural to urban migration. However, recently the empty house matter is not a problem only in rural areas, but it is also emerging as a general problem of society in Korea. The empty house matter, which is caused by the decline in fertility rate, aging population growth, deterioration and oversupply of housing, has many problems as a local risk factor. And the empty house has feature that it would have been neglected continuously unless there would be favorable factors such as trade, redevelopment and etc. The purpose of this study including literature review, precedent study and case studies of Korea domestic and overseas is finding ways to utilize empty houses neglected in old downtown as local assets. For the success of the empty house policy, First, systematic sharing of the roles of the government, local governments, and local governments, Second, the introduction of the ‘Empty House Banking System’ to promote and utilize the distribution of empty houses as local assets, Third, only when social enterprises (NPO) and others are involved in providing legal grounds for carrying out work related to empty houses will the policy of empty houses be successful.
The empty house matter in Korea started from the phenomenon of rural to urban migration. However, recently the empty house matter is not a problem only in rural areas, but it is also emerging as a general problem of society in Korea. The empty house matter, which is caused by the decline in fertility rate, aging population growth, deterioration and oversupply of housing, has many problems as a local risk factor. And the empty house has feature that it would have been neglected continuously unless there would be favorable factors such as trade, redevelopment and etc. The purpose of this study including literature review, precedent study and case studies of Korea domestic and overseas is finding ways to utilize empty houses neglected in old downtown as local assets. For the success of the empty house policy, First, systematic sharing of the roles of the government, local governments, and local governments, Second, the introduction of the ‘Empty House Banking System’ to promote and utilize the distribution of empty houses as local assets, Third, only when social enterprises (NPO) and others are involved in providing legal grounds for carrying out work related to empty houses will the policy of empty houses be successful.
