Abstract
Objective
Side population (SP) cells may play a crucial role in tumorigenesis and the recurrence of cancer. Many kinds of cell lines and tissues have demonstrated the presence of SP cells, including several gastric cancer cell lines. This study is aimed to identify the cancer stem-like cells in the SP of gastric cancer cell line MKN-45.
Methods
We used fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) to sort SP cells in the human gastric carcinoma cell line MKN-45 (cells labeled with Hoechst 33342) and then characterized the cancer stem-like properties of SP cells.
Results
This study found that the SP cells had higher clone formation efficiency than major population (MP) cells. Five stemness-related gene expression profiles, including OCT-4, SOX-2, NANOG, CD44, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette transporters gene ABCG2, were tested in SP and MP cells using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Western blot was used to show the difference of protein expression between SP and MP cells. Both results show that there was significantly higher protein expression in SP cells than in MP cells. When inoculated into non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mice, SP cells show higher tumorigenesis tendency than MP cells.
Conclusions
These results indicate that SP cells possess cancer stem cell properties and prove that SP cells from MKN-45 are gastric cancer stem-like cells.
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The two authors contributed equally to this work
Project (Nos. 81000706/H1108 and 81172368) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B12r0102.
This article has been retracted at the authors’ request, as it contains large portions of text and figures that have been previously published in the following article: Zhang, H., Xi, H., Cai, A., Xia, Q., Wang, X.X., Lu, C., Zhang, Y., Song, Z., Wang, H., Li, Q., Chen, L., Guo, Z., 2013. Not all side population cells contain cancer stem-like cells in human gastric cancer cell lines. Dig. Dis. Sci., 58(1):132-139. [doi:10.1007/s10620-012-2330-1]
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Zhang, Hh., Cai, Az., Wei, Xm. et al. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Characterization of cancer stem-like cells in the side population cells of human gastric cancer cell line MKN-45. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B 14, 216–223 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1200102
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1200102
Key words
- ATP-binding cassette transporters
- Side population cells
- Stem cells
- Benzimidazole (Hoechst 33342)
- Stomach neoplasm