Abstract
We studied the responses of the activities of adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) sulfurylase (ATPS) and serine acetyltransferase (SAT) to cadmium (Cd) levels and treatment time in hyperaccumulating ecotype (HE) Sedum alfredii Hance, as compared with its non-hyperaccumulating ecotype (NHE). The results show that plant growth was inhibited in NHE but promoted in HE when exposed to high Cd level. Cd concentrations in leaves and shoots rapidly increased in HE rather than in NHE, and they became much higher in HE than in NHE along with increasing treatment time and Cd supply levels. ATPS activity was higher in HE than in NHE in all Cd treatments, and increased with increasing Cd supply levels in both HE and NHE when exposed to Cd treatment within 8 h. However, a marked difference of ATPS activity between HE and NHE was found with Cd treatment for 168 h, where ATPS activity increased in HE but decreased in NHE. Similarly, SAT activity was higher in HE than in NHE at all Cd treatments, but was more sensitive in NHE than in HE. Both ATPS and SAT activities in NHE leaves tended to decrease with increasing treatment time after 8 h at all Cd levels. The results reveal the different responses in sulfur assimilation enzymes and Cd accumulation between HE and NHE. With increasing Cd stress, the activities of sulfur assimilation enzymes (ATPS and SAT) were induced in HE, which may contribute to Cd accumulation in the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Al-Khedhairy, A.A., Al-Rokayan, S.A., Al-Misned, F.A., 2001. Cadmium toxicity and cell stress response. Pakistan J. Biol. Sci., 4(8):1046–1049.
Alloway, B.J., 1995. Heavy Metals in Soils. Blackie Academic and Professional, London, p.123–151.
Baker, A.M.J., McGrath, S.P., Reeves, R.D., Smith, J.A.C., 2000. Metal Hyperaccumulator Plants: A Review of the Ecology and Physiology of a Biochemical Resource for Phytoremediation of Metal-polluted Soil. Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soil and Water. Lewis, Boca Raton, Florida, p.85–107.
Brown, S.L., Chaney, R.L., Angle, J.S., Baker, A.J.M., 1995. Zinc and cadmium uptake by hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens grown in nutrient solution. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 59(1):125–133.
Chao, Y.E., Zhang, M., Tian, S.K., Lu, L.L., Yang, X.E., 2008. Differential generation of hydrogen peroxide upon exposure to zinc and cadmium in the hyperaccumulating plant specie (Sedum alfredii Hance). J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B, 9(3):243–249. [doi:10.1631/jzus.B0710624]
Clemens, S., 2001. Molecular mechanisms of plant metal tolerance and homeostasis. Planta, 212(4):475–486. [doi:10.1007/s004250000458]
Cobbett, C.S., 2000. Phytochelatins and their roles in heavy metal detoxification. Plant Physiol., 123(3):825–832. [doi:10.1104/pp.123.3.825]
Domínguez-Solís, J.R., Gutiérrez-Alcalá, G., Romero, L.C., Gotor, C., 2001. The cytosolic O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase gene is regulated by heavy metals and can function in cadmium tolerance. J. Biol. Chem., 276(12):9297–9302. [doi:10.1074/jbc.M009574200]
Fiske, C.H., Subbarow, Y., 1925. The colorimetric determination of phosphorus. J. Biol. Chem., 66(2):375–400.
Freeman, J.L., Persans, M.W., Nieman, K., Albrecht, C., Peer, W., Pickering, I.J., Salt, D.E., 2004. Increased glutathione biosynthesis plays a role in nickel tolerance in Thlaspi nickel hyperaccumulators. Plant Cell, 16(8):2176–2191. [doi:10.1105/tpc.104.023036]
Hall, J.L., 2002. Cellular mechanisms for heavy metal detoxification and tolerance. J. Exp. Bot., 53(366):1–11. [doi:10.1093/jexbot/53.366.1]
Harada, E., Yamaguchi, Y., Koizumi, N., Sano, H., 2002. Cadmium stress induces production of thiol compounds and transcripts for enzymes involved in sulfur assimilation pathways in Arabidopsis. J. Plant Physiol., 159(4): 445–448. [doi:10.1078/0176-1617-00733]
Hawkesford, M.J., 2003. Transporter gene families in plants: the sulphate transporter gene family—redundancy or specialization? Physiol. Plant., 117(2):155–163. [doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.2003.00034.x]
Jin, X.F., Yang, X.E., Islam, E., Liu, D., Mahmood, Q., 2008. Effects of cadmium on ultrastructure and antioxidative defense system in hyperaccumulator and non-hyperaccumulator ecotypes of Sedum alfredii Hance. J. Hazard. Mater., 156(1–3):387–397. [doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.12.064]
Kaplan, D., Heimer, Y.M., Abelovich, A., Goldsbrough, P.B., 1995. Cadmium toxicity and resistance in Chlorella sp. Plant Sci., 109(2):129–137. [doi:10.1016/0168-9452(95)04165-Q]
Koprivova, A., Suter, M., den Camp, R.O., Brunold, C., Kopriva, S., 2000. Regulation of sulfate assimilation by nitrogen in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol., 122(3):737–746. [doi:10.1104/pp.122.3.737]
Küpper, H., Enzo Lombi, E., Zhao, F.J., McGrath, S.P., 2000. Cellular compartmentation of cadmium and zinc in relation to other elements in the hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri. Planta, 212(1):75–84. [doi:10.1007/s004250000366]
Lappartient, A.G., Touraine, B., 1996. Demand-driven control of root ATP-sulfurylase activity and SO 2−4 uptake in intact Canola. Plant Physiol., 111(1):147–157.
Leustek, T., 1996. Molecular genetics of sulfate assimilation in plants. Physiol. Plant., 97(2):411–419. [doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.1996.970228.x]
Macfie, S.M., Welburn, P.M., 2000. The cell wall as barrier to uptake of metals ions in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyceae). Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 39(4):413–419. [doi:10.1007/s002440010122]
Mutoh, H., Hayashi, Y., 1988. Isolation of mutants of Schizosaccharomyces pombe unable to synthesize cadystins, small cadmium-binding peptides. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 151(1):32–39. [doi:10.1016/0006-291X(88)90555-4]
Nakamori, S., Kobayashi, S., Kobayshi, C., Takagi, H., 1998. Overproduction of L-cysteine and L-cystine by Escherichia coli strains with a genetically altered serine acetyltransferase. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 64(5): 1607–1611.
Noji, M., Inoue, K., Kimura, N., Gouda, A., Saito, K., 1998. Isoform-dependent differences in feedback regulation and subcellular localization of serine acetyltransferase involved in cysteine biosynthesis from Arabidopsis thaliana. J. Biol. Chem., 273(49):32739–32745. [doi:10.1074/jbc.273.49.32739]
Osslund, T., Chandler, C., Segel, I., 1982. ATP sulfurylase from higher plants: purification and preliminary kinetics studies on the cabbage leaf enzyme. Plant Physiol., 70(1):39–45. [doi:10.1104/pp.70.1.39]
Rea, P.A., Li, Z.S., Lu, Y.P., Drozdowicz, Y.M., 1998. From vacuolar GS-X pumps to multispecific ABC transporters. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol., 49(1):727–760. [doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.49.1.727]
Reed, R.H., Gadd, G.M., 1990. Metal Tolerance in Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Algae. In: Shaw, A.J. (Ed.), Heavy Metal Tolerance in Plants: Evolutionary Aspects. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, p.105–118.
Saito, K., Yokoyama, H., Noji, M., Murakoshi, I., 1995. Molecular cloning and characterization of a plant serine acetyltransferase playing a regulatory role in cysteine biosynthesis from watermelon. J. Biol. Chem., 270(27): 16321–16326. [doi:10.1074/jbc.270.27.16321]
Su, D.C., Huang, W.C., 2002. The phytoremediation potential of oilseed rape (B. juncea) as a hyperaccumulator for cadmium contaminated soil. China Environ. Sci., 22(1):48–51 (in Chinese).
Wangeline, A.L., Burkhead, J.L., Hale, K.L., Lindblom, S.D., Terry, N., Pilon, M., Pilon-Smits, E.A.H., 2004. Overexpression of ATP sulfurylase in Indian mustard: effects on tolerance and accumulation of twelve metals. J. Environ. Qual., 33(1):54–60.
Xiang, C., Oliver, D., 1998. Glutathione metabolic genes coordinately respond to heavy metals and jasmonic acid in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 10(9):1539–1550. [doi:10.1105/tpc.10.9.1539]
Xiong, Y.H., Yang, X.E., Ye, Z.Q., He, Z.L., 2004. Characteristics of cadmium uptake and accumulation by two contrasting ecotypes of Sedum alfredii Hance. J. Environ. Sci. Health, 39(11–12):2925–2940.
Yang, X.E., Yu, J.D., Ni, W.Z., Zhu, C., 2002a. Quality of agricultural environment and safety of agricultural products (a review). J. China Agric. Sci. Technol., 4(4): 3–9 (in Chinese).
Yang, X.E., Long, X.X., Ni, W.Z., 2002b. Sedum alfredii H.—a new ecotype of Zn-hyperaccumulator plant species native to China. Chin. Sci. Bull., 47(19):1003–1006.
Yang, X.E., Long, X.X., Ye, H.B., He, Z.L., Calvert, D.V., Stoffella, P.J., 2004. Cadmium tolerance and hyperaccumulation in a new Zn-hyperaccumulating plant species (Sedum alfredii H.). Plant and Soil, 259(1–2):181–189. [doi:10.1023/B:PLSO.0000020956.24027.f2]
Yang, X.E., Feng, Y., He, Z.L., Stoffella, P.J., 2005. Molecular mechanisms of heavy metal hyperaccumulation and phytoremediation. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 18(4):339–353. [doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2005.02.007]
Yang, X.E., Li, T.Q., Long, X.X., Xiong, Y.H., He, Z.L., Stoffella, P.J., 2006. Dynamics of zinc uptake and accumulation in the hyperaccumulating and nonhyperaccumulating ecotypes of Sedum alfredii Hance. Plant and Soil, 284(1–2):109–119. [doi:10.1007/s11104-006-0033-0]
Zenk, M.H., 1996. Heavy detoxification in higher plants—a review. Gene, 179(1):21–30. [doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(96)00422-2]
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30630046) and the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2006AA06Z386), and the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University, China (No. IRT0536)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Guo, Wd., Liang, J., Yang, Xe. et al. Response of ATP sulfurylase and serine acetyltransferase towards cadmium in hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B 10, 251–257 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B0820169
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B0820169
Key words
- Sedum alfredii Hance
- Cadmium (Cd)
- Adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) sulfurylase (ATPS)
- Hyperaccumulator
- Serine acetyltransferase