Abstract
Discrete element simulation on ballasted beds is an important method to study the service characteristics of ballasted tracks; an effective simulation should be based on proper ballast parameters. Ballast contact parameter, which exhibits a high discreteness affected by factors such as material, shape, and gradation, can effectively be calibrated by an angle of repose test. Based on the testing principles of a multi-parameter response surface method, the Box-Behnken method is adopted to design the angle of repose test under the influence of restitution, static friction, and rolling friction coefficients; laboratory-measured results are combined with the simulation; regression analyzed angle of repose is considered as the goal; parameters optimization and ballasted bed resistance simulations are verified for multiple parameters. The results demonstrate that Chinese special-grade ballasts exhibit an average laboratory-measured angle of repose of (39.78±1.27)°, and the optimal combination of parameters in this discrete element simulation based on the response surface method are as follows: the restitution coefficient is 0.72, the static friction coefficient is 0.56, and the rolling friction coefficient is 0.27. The results of the lateral resistance simulation are in accordance with the laboratory test, indicating that the optimal parameters are usable. The multi-parameter response surface method effectively helps calibrate the parameters of the discrete element simulation on ballasted beds.
概要
目 的
采用响应面方法研究特级道砟休止角的离散元参 数仿真试验,建立多次回归模型并对其进行优 化,以及对道砟接触参数进行优选。通过多参数 的响应面法为碎石道床离散元参数的快速标定 提供有效途径。
创新点
1. 基于响应面法对离散元道砟接触参数进行统计 分析,提出道砟最优参数的回归方程及回归曲 面。2. 以道砟堆积体在多个正交平面的均值为道 砟休止角,构建基于一致线性描述方式的道砟休止角实测试验与离散元仿真试验。3. 提出道砟参 数的动态标定思想。
方 法
1. 通过道砟休止角的室内试验,测量出道砟休止 角度的有效均值。2. 以实测结果为目标,采用响 应面法对道砟离散元仿真参数进行优选。3. 验证 所提方法的可行性和有效性。
结 论
1. 通过采用休止角的4 个正交面取均值的方法对中国特级道砟休止角进行实测所得到的平均值为(39.78±1.27)°。2. 以实测结果为目标,采用响应面方法对特级道砟离散元仿真参数进行优选,由方差分析可得2 个显著的一次项参数(静摩擦系数和滚动摩擦系数)以及多个显著的多次项参数组合;最优参数组合为:泊松比为0.24,密度 为2600 kg/m3,杨氏模量为5.45×1010 Pa,碰撞恢 复系数为0.72,静摩擦系数为0.56,滚动摩擦系 数为0.27。3. 利用特级道砟离散元最优参数建立 了离散元轨排模型,并进行了轨枕横向阻力试 验;仿真结果与室内试验实测阻力曲线趋势基本 一致,表明响应面法获得的接触参数取值可用于 碎石道床相关的离散元仿真。
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Jie-ling XIAO designed the research. Gan-zhong LIU processed the corresponding data and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Jian-xing LIU and Jia-cheng DAI helped organize the manuscript. Hao LIU and Ping WANG revised and edited the final version.
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Jie-ling XIAO, Gan-zhong LIU, Jian-xing LIU, Jia-cheng DAI, Hao LIU, and Ping WANG declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Project supported by the National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists of China (No. 51425804) and the Postdoctoral Innovative Talent Support Program of China (No. BX20190388)
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Xiao, Jl., Liu, Gz., Liu, Jx. et al. Parameters of a discrete element ballasted bed model based on a response surface method. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A 20, 685–700 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A1900133
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A1900133