Abstract
A metasurface unit is designed operating at 2–20 GHz to enhance the gain and radiation performance of an antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA). The unit has a simple structure, stable ultra-wideband performance, high permittivity, and can independently modulate two polarization modes electromagnetic waves. We analyze the current distribution on the unit and extract equivalent characteristic parameters to verify the ability of independent modulation on two polarization modes electromagnetic waves. The designed metasurface unit is integrated into the aperture of the AVA and forms the metasurface lens (ML) for guiding the propagation of electromagnetic waves. Two types of ML are proposed and integrated into the AVA to design antennas Ant1 and Ant2. The modulation effect of the lens on the electromagnetic wave is analyzed from the perspective of electric field amplitude and phase, and the final design is obtained. From the optimized design results, the AVA and the proposed Ant2 are fabricated and measured, and the measurement results are in good agreement with the simulation ones. The impedance bandwidth measured by Ant2 basically covers the 2–18 GHz frequency band. Compared with the conventional AVA, the gain of the proposed Ant2 is increased by 0.6–3.7 dB, the sidelobe level is significantly reduced, and the directivity has also been clearly improved.
摘要
设计了工作频段为2~20 GHz的超表面单元以增强对跖Vivaldi天线的增益和辐射性能. 设计的超表面单元结构简单、 超宽带性能稳定、 介电常数高, 可独立调制两个极化电磁波. 分析了单元上的电流分布, 并提取等效电磁参数, 以验证超表面单元对x极化电磁波和y极化电磁波进行独立调制的能力. 设计的超表面单元被集成到对跖Vivaldi天线的口径中形成超表面透镜, 用于引导电磁波传播. 提出两种超表面透镜, 将它们分别集成到对跖Vivaldi天线中衍生出天线Ant1和Ant2, 并从电场幅度和相位角度分析透镜对电磁波的调制作用, 进而得到最终设计方案. 根据优化设计结果, 加工并测试对跖Vivaldi天线和提出的天线Ant2, 测试与仿真结果吻合良好. Ant2测得的阻抗带宽基本覆盖2~18 GHz频段, 与传统对跖Vivaldi天线相比, 提出的天线Ant2增益提高0.6~3.7 dB, 副瓣电平大大降低, 方向性也得到明显改善.
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Shaopeng PAN designed the research. Lin QI and Pan CHEN measured the antennas. Yang FENG processed the data. Shaopeng PAN drafted the paper. Mingtuan LIN and Gaosheng LI revised and finalized the paper.
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Shaopeng PAN, Mingtuan LIN, Lin QI, Pan CHEN, Yang FENG, and Gaosheng LI declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Project supported by the Open Fund for the Key Laboratory of Complex Systems Control and Intelligent Collaborative Technology, China (No. CSCIC191001)
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Pan, S., Lin, M., Qi, L. et al. Performance enhancement for antipodal Vivaldi antenna modulated by a high-permittivity metasurface lens. Front Inform Technol Electron Eng 22, 1655–1665 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.2100139
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.2100139
Key words
- Antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA)
- Ultra-wideband
- High-permittivity
- Dual-polarization
- Metasurface lens (ML)