Systematic study of the quality and safety of chilled pork from wet markets, supermarkets, and online markets in China

Abstract

Background

With increasing media coverage of food safety incidents, such as that of clenbuterol residues in pork, food safety has become a major public health concern in China. Rapidly developing online markets attract increasing numbers of Chinese consumers to purchase food on the Internet. However, the quality and safety of food sold online are uncertain and are less reported on.

Objective

This research aimed to systematically study the quality and safety of chilled pork from wet markets, supermarkets, and online markets in China.

Results

The chilled pork samples from online markets were fresher than those from wet markets and supermarkets based on the surface redness (a* value). Chilled pork contained high levels of nutritional elements, especially the magnesium and phosphorus levels in samples from online markets. The levels of heavy metal element residues and veterinary drug residues in all chilled pork samples were within the standards limits. In addition, huge differences existed in the quality and freshness of the chilled pork samples from online markets according to principal component analysis (PCA).

Conclusions

Most chilled pork sold in Chinese markets was qualified and safe. It is necessary to establish an effective online market supervision system for chilled pork.

概要

目的

近年来,食品安全事件层出不穷。食品安全已成 为公众关注的热点问题。快速发展的电商平台吸 引了越来越多的中国消费者在线上购买食品。但 网购得到的食品的品质参差不齐,而且鲜有研究 或报道。因此,本课题旨在对农贸市场、大型超 市和电商平台售卖的冷鲜肉的品质与安全进行 系统性的调研。

方法

从浙江省杭州市6 大主城区的大型农贸市场和大 型超市分别采得57 和33 个冷鲜肉样;从各大电 商平台采得53 个冷鲜肉样,共计143 个肉样。测 定各样品的肉色、pH 值、挥发性盐基氮值、钙、 铁、锌、镁、铜、磷、铅、砷、汞、镉、铬元素 含量、四环素类(四环素、土霉素、金霉素)、 磺胺类(总量)、β-受体激动剂类(克伦特罗、 莱克多巴胺、沙丁胺醇)兽药残留等指标。

结论

购自农贸市场、大型超市、电商平台3 种不同销 售渠道的所有冷鲜肉的重金属残留和兽药残留 量均符合国家标准。购自电商平台的冷鲜肉比购 自农贸市场和大型超市的肉新鲜一些。主成分分 析结果表明,购自电商平台的猪肉个体间差异明 显。建议尽快建立有效的电商平台冷鲜肉监管体 系。