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Water susceptibility of asphalt mixtures as influenced by hydraulically active fillers

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Abstract

Water affects asphalt pavements in a detrimental way and it is common knowledge that certain combinations of binder and aggregate can trigger premature failures. Asphalt manufacturing relies mainly on experience and continuous empirical testing. To reduce water sensitivity, adhesion promoters are frequently used. In this investigation, focus was on using portland cement and a by-product from cement manufacturing, cement kiln dust (CKD). The hypothesis was that water susceptibility is influenced by the grading of the hydraulically active fillers: a finer grading will give a stronger improvement. The experimental plan comprised, besides a reference material, 3 different cements and 2 CKDs. Water susceptibility was assessed with the tumbler abrasion test using mastic specimens. Potentially negative effects: decreased workability and degraded low temperature properties were investigated by measuring viscosity of filler/bitumen mixes and low temperature cracking properties, respectively. Admixing of hydraulic filler was made by partly replacing the base material filler with hydraulic filler, thus keeping the overall filler content unchanged. Results show that resistance to moisture damage is improved by adding hydraulically active fillers. However, the hypothesis of finer gradings giving stronger response was not supported; all three portland cements gave very similar results. Furthermore, it seems that fractions of added hydraulic filler above 1–1.5 % (mass of total aggregate) do not further increase abrasion resistance. Essentially, no potential drawbacks, decreased workability or increased low temperature cracking, were noted.

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Acknowledgments

This Project was a cooperative effort between NCC Roads AB and Cementa AB. The main part of funding was provided by SBUF The Development Fund of the Swedish Construction Industry and MinBaS (a common platform for the minerals, aggregates and stone industry in Sweden).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. NCC Roads AB, Bryggerivägen 13, 194 36, Upplands Väsby, Sweden

    Jonas Ekblad & Robert Lundström

  2. Cementa AB, Slite, Sweden

    Erik Simonsen

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  1. Jonas Ekblad
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  2. Robert Lundström
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Correspondence to Jonas Ekblad.

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Ekblad, J., Lundström, R. & Simonsen, E. Water susceptibility of asphalt mixtures as influenced by hydraulically active fillers. Mater Struct 48, 1135–1147 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-013-0220-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-013-0220-4

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