Abstract
Metallic manganite oxides, La1-xDxMnO3 (D=Sr, Ca, etc.), display “colossal” magnetoresistance (CMR) near their magnetic phase transition temperatures (Tc) when subject to a Tesla-scale magnetic field. This phenomenal effect is the result of the strong interplay inherent in this class of materials among electronic structure, magnetic ordering, and lattice dynamics. Though fundamentally interesting, the CMR effect achieved only at large fields poses severe technological challenges to potential applications in magnetoelectronic devices, where low field sensitivity is crucial. Among the objectives of our research effort involving manganite materials is to reduce the field scale of MR by designing and fabricating tunnel junctions and other structures rich in magnetic domain walls. The junction electrodes were made of doped manganite epitaxial films, and the insulating barrier of SrTiO3. The interfacial expitaxy has been imaged by using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We have used self-aligned lithographic process to pattern the junctions to micron scale in size. Large MR values close to 250% at low fields of a few tens of Oe have been observed. The mechanism of the spin-dependent transport is due to the spin-polarized tunneling between the half-metallic electrodes, in which the spins of the conduction electrons are nearly fully polarized. We will present results of field and temperature dependence of MR in these structures and discuss the electronic structure of the manganite inferred from tunneling measurement. Results of large MR at low fields due to the grain-boundary effect will also be presented.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M. N. Babich, J. M Broto, A. Fert, F. Nguyen Van Dau, F. Petroff, P. Eitenne, G. Creuzet, A. Friederich, and J. Chazelas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 2472 (1988).
S. S. P. Parkin, R. Bhadra, and K. P. Roche, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 2152 (1991).
A. E. Berkowitz, J. R. Mitchell, M. J. Carey, A. P. Young, S. Zhang, F. E. Spada, F. T. Parker, A. Hutten, and G. Thomas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 3745 (1992).
J. Q. Xiao, J. S. Jiang, and C. L. Chien, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 3749 (1992)
R. von Helmolt, J. Wecker, B. Holzapfel, L. Shultz, and K. Samwer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 2331 (1993).
S. Jin, T. H. Tiefel, M. McCormack, R. A. Fastnacht, R. Ramesh, and L. H. Chen, Science, 264, 413 (1994).
G. Q. Gong, C. L. Canedy, Gang Xiao, J. Z. Sun, A. Gupta, and W. J. Gallagher, Appl. Phys. Lett. 67, 1783 (1995).
Gang Xiao, G. Q. Gong, C. L. Canedy, E. J. McNiff, Jr., and A. Gupta, J. Appl. Phys.81, 5324 (1997).
T. Miyazaki and N. Tezuka, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 139, L231 (1995).
J. S. Moddera, L. R. Kinder, T. M. Wong, and R. Meservey, Phys. Rev. Lett, 74, 3272 (1995).
W. J. Gallagher, S. S. P. Parkin, Yu Lu, X. P. Bian, A. Marley, K. P. Roche, R. A. Altman, S. A. Rishton, C. Jahnes, T. M. Shaw, and Gang Xiao, J. Appl. Phys. 81, 3741 (1997); Yu Lu, X. W. Li G. Q. Gong, Gang Xiao, A. Gupta, P. Lecoeur, J. Z. Sun, Y. Y. Wang, and V. P. Dravid, Phys. Rev. B 54, R8357 (1996); J. Z. Sun, W. J. Gallagher, P. R. Duncombe, L. Krusin-Elbaum, R. A. Altman, A. Gupta, Yu Lu, G. Q. Gong, and Gang Xiao, Appl. Phys. Lett. 69, 3266 (1996).
Yu Lu, R. A. Altman, A. Marley, S. A. Rishton, P. L. Trouilloud, Gang Xiao, W. J. Gallagher, and S. S. P. Parkin, Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 2610 (1997).
M. Julliere, Phys. Lett. A 54A, 225 (1975).
R. Meservey and P. M. Tedrow, Phys. Rep. 239, 174 (1994).
C. Zener, Phys. Rev. 82, 403 (1951).
P. W. Anderson and H. Hasegawa, Phys. Rev. 100, 675 (1955).
P.-G. de Gennes, Phys. Rev. 118, 141 (1996).
A. Gupta, G. Q. Gong, Gang Xiao, P. R. Duncombe, P. Lecoeur, P. Trouilloud, Y. Y. Wang, V. P. Dravid, and J. Z. Sun, Phys. Rev. 54, R15629 (1996).
X. W. Li, A. Gupta, Gang Xiao, and G. Q. Gong, Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 1124 (1997).
Acknowledgement
We wish to thank T. R. McGuire, Yu Lu, J. Slonczeski, and W. J. Gallagher for discussions. We are grateful to P. R. Duncombe for preparing targets, V. P. Dravid and Y. Y. Wang for TEM measurements on some of our samples. This work was supported partially by National Science Foundation Grants Nos. DMR 9414160 and DMR 9701578 and partially by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Xiao, G., Gupta, A., Li, X.W. et al. Sub-200 Oe Giant Magnetoresistance in Manganite Tunnel Junctions. MRS Online Proceedings Library 494, 221–230 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-494-221
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-494-221