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Potential Bone Replacement Materials Prepared by Two Methods

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Abstract

Natural and synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds for potential load-bearing bone implants were fabricated by two methods. The natural scaffolds were formed by heating bovine cancellous bone at 1325°C, which removed the organic and sintered the HA. The synthetic scaffolds were prepared by freeze-casting HA powders, using different solid loadings (20–35 vol.%) and cooling rates (1–10°C/min). Both types of scaffolds were infiltrated with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). The porosity, pore size, and compressive mechanical properties of the natural and synthetic scaffolds were investigated and compared to that of natural cortical and cancellous bone. Prior to infiltration, the sintered cancellous scaffolds exhibited pore sizes of 100–300 μm, a strength of 0.4–9.7 MPa, and a Young’s modulus of 0.1–1.2 GPa. The freeze-casted scaffolds had pore sizes of 10–50 μm, strengths of 0.7–95.1 MPa, and Young’s moduli of 0.1–19.2 GPa. When infiltrated with PMMA, the cancellous bone- PMMA composite showed a strength of 55 MPa and a Young’s modulus of 4.5 GPa. Preliminary data for the synthetic HA-PMMA composite showed a strength of 42 MPa and a modulus of 0.8 GPa.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Ryan Anderson (CalIT2, UCSD) for the help in scanning electron microscopy. This work is supported by the National Science Foundation, Ceramics Program Grant 1006931.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA

    Steve Lee, Michael Porter, Ekaterina E. Novitskaya, Marc A. Meyers & Joanna McKittrick

  2. Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA

    Scott Wasko & Adah Almutairi

  3. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    Grace Lau & Antoni P. Tomsia

  4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Po-Yu Chen

  5. Dept. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA

    Marc A. Meyers & Joanna McKittrick

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  1. Steve Lee
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Lee, S., Porter, M., Wasko, S. et al. Potential Bone Replacement Materials Prepared by Two Methods. MRS Online Proceedings Library 1418, 177–188 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1557/opl.2012.671

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