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Electron-beam-driven chemical processes during liquid phase transmission electron microscopy

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Abstract

Liquid phase (or liquid cell) transmission electron microscopy (LP-TEM) has been established as a powerful tool for observing dynamic processes in liquids at nanometer to atomic length scales. However, the simple act of observation using electrons irreversibly alters the nature of the sample. A clear understanding of electron-beam-driven processes during LP-TEM is required to interpret in situ observations and utilize the electron beam as a stimulus to drive nanoscale dynamic processes. In this article, we discuss recent advances toward understanding, quantifying, mitigating, and harnessing electron-beam-driven chemical processes occurring during LP-TEM. We highlight progress in several research areas, including modeling electron-beam-induced radiolysis near interfaces, electron-beam-induced nanocrystal formation, and radiation damage of soft materials and biomolecules.

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Acknowledgments

J.E.E. and T.M. were supported by the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) Strategic Science Area Project No. 50427. EMSL (grid.436923.9) is a US Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility sponsored by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research. T.J.W. acknowledges support from the Petroleum Research Fund (Grant No. 61111-DNI10).

Authors
  1. Taylor J. Woehl
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  2. Trevor Moser
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  3. James E. Evans
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  4. Frances M. Ross
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Appendix

Appendix

Taylor J. Woehl-has been an assistant professor in the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at the University of Maryland, College Park, since 2016. He leads the Nanoscale Assembly and Electron Microscopy Laboratory. He obtained his PhD degree in chemical engineering from the University of California, Davis, in 2013. He was an assistant research scientist at Ames Laboratory from 2013 to 2014. He received a National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellowship from 2014 to 2016, working in the Material Measurement Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards Technology on new low-voltage transmission electron and ion-microscopy techniques. His research focuses on nanochemistry, colloidal assembly, liquid phase transmission electron microscopy, and protein aggregation. Woehl can be reached by email at tjwoehl@umd.edu.

Trevor Moser-is a research scientist in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). He received his PhD degree in biochemistry and molecular biology from Michigan Technological University in 2018. He completed postdoctoral research at PNNL. His research interests include characterizing radiation damage of biological materials in liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy, as well as the structural determination of proteins and macromolecular complexes using cryo-EM tomography. Moser can be reached by email at trevor.moser@pnnl.gov.

James Evans-has been a staff scientist in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory since 2011. He received his PhD degree in biochemistry and molecular biology from the University of California, Davis, in 2007. He completed postdoctoral research at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and then moved to the University of California, Davis, in 2009, where he was awarded his first grant as principal investigator for the development of in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). His research focuses on advancing dynamic microscopy, liquid phase TEM, and cryo-EM bioimaging applications. Evans can be reached by email at james.evans@pnnl.gov.

Frances M. Ross-has been the Ellen Swallow Richards Professor in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology since 2018. She received her BA degree in physics and her PhD degree in materials science from Cambridge University, UK. She completed postdoctoral research at AT&T Bell Laboratories. She was a staff scientist at the National Center for Electron Microscopy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and a research staff member at the IBM T.J. Watson Research Center. Her research focuses on nanostructure self-assembly, liquid cell microscopy, epitaxy, and electrochemical processes. Ross can be reached by email at fmross@mit.edu.

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Woehl, T.J., Moser, T., Evans, J.E. et al. Electron-beam-driven chemical processes during liquid phase transmission electron microscopy. MRS Bulletin 45, 746–753 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2020.227

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