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Abstract

The small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) technique was used to investigate inhomogeneities on the scale of 10 to 600 Å in acid-catalyzed titania–silica and zirconia–silica xerogels. SAXS of (TiO2)x(SiO2)1−x and (ZrO2)x(SiO2)1−x xerogels with x < 0.1, in which there was no phase separation, showed the presence of two types of inhomogeneity. For Q < 0.05 Å−1 there was a clear departure from Porod scattering which showed that xerogel powder particle surfaces were rough. For 0.1 < Q < 0.4 Å−1 there was a plateau feature corresponding to micropores within the silica-based network, and this feature changes with heat treatment. SAXS of xerogels with x > 0.3 showed the presence of phase-separated regions of metal oxide, which were initially amorphous and crystallized at higher temperatures. A (TiO2)0.18(SiO2)0.82 xerogel that was not initially phase separated became phase separated after heat treatment at 750 °C due to reduced solubility of Ti in the silica network.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent at Canterbury, CT2 7NR, Canterbury, United Kingdom

    G. Mountjoy, J. S. Rigden, R. Anderson & R. J. Newport

  2. Department of Physics, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL, Coventry, United Kingdom

    G. W. Wallidge & M. E. Smith

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  1. G. Mountjoy
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  2. J. S. Rigden
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  3. R. Anderson
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  4. G. W. Wallidge
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  5. R. J. Newport
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  6. M. E. Smith
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Mountjoy, G., Rigden, J.S., Anderson, R. et al. Articles. Journal of Materials Research 15, 1998–2005 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2000.0287

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2000.0287

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