Los tells de Tilbes, Surtepe y Tilvez: una aproximación a las fases del Bronce Antiguo Ia-Ib en la subregión del norte de Birecik-Carchemish (Sureste de Turquía)
Palabras clave:
Bronce antiguo I, primeros centros urbanos, Birecik-Karkemish, Tilbes, Surtepe, Éufrates turcoResumen
La cultura del Bronce Antiguo I en el Éufrates Medio turco reviste una especial importancia para nuestro Proyecto Tilbes. Tal período arqueológico fue descubierto en tres de los lugares arqueológicos que hemos excavado. Hemos podido diferenciar dos momentos diferentes en el carácter de la ocupación durante este Bronce Antiguo I. La fase BA Ia se caracteriza por la urbanización y poblamiento extenso de los lugares de Surtepe Höyük, Tilvez/Meteler Höyük y Tilbes Höyük. Sin embargo, la fase BA Ib, que parece haber tenido continuidad en al menos dos de los lugares, Surtepe y Tilbes Höyük, no presenta grandes restos de arquitectura monumental y si un incremento de los restos funerarios en ambos lugares. Tilbes Höyük contó además, durante el BA Ia-b, con un edificio, de características rituales-religiosas, construido en el mismo lugar que posteriormente ocuparon santuarios
del BA II y BA III en el sector E4a-E8-E3. El área de Birecik se incluye en la provincia cerámica con engobe
reservado tardía e indica un cambio de orientación de Tilbes y Surtepe hacia el Levante Septentrional, la
región del futuro reino de Ebla, en contraposición a la ruta del Éufrates, dominante durante el Calcolítico Final.
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