Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that locks into long clinical latency and low curative ratio. Therefore, early diagnosis before the clinical phase is quite essential and may be effective for therapeutic prevention. Peripheral blood or cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers symbolizing functional neuronal impairment are gradually applied to diagnose AD in research studies. Exosomes have generated immense interest in the diagnosis field of neurodegenerative disorders after confirmation of their roles as mediators, delivering important proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs) in intercellular communication. Compelling research results reveal that miRNAs released from exosomes modulate expression and function of amyloid precursor proteins and tau proteins. These findings open up possibility that dysfunctional exosomal miRNAs may influence AD progression. In this review, we summarized the existing knowledge of exosomal miRNAs and their involvement in AD, emphasizing their potential to serve as diagnostic biomarkers during the preclinical phase of AD.
Funding source: The National Sciences Foundation of China
Award Identifier / Grant number: 81571061
Award Identifier / Grant number: 81671061
Funding source: Scientific Study Project for Institutes of Higher Learning, Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province
Award Identifier / Grant number: LZ2017001
Funding statement: This study was funded by grants from The National Sciences Foundation of China (81571061, 81671061) and Scientific Study Project for Institutes of Higher Learning, Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province (LZ2017001) and Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program.
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