Abstract
Continental Portugal and its two archipelagos (Azores Islands and Madeira Islands) present a very interesting and diverse seaweed community. Its great diversity results for example from different environmental conditions such as the latitudinal gradients that affect the continental Portugal coastal shoreline in unique ways. The first Portuguese phycological studies published date from the end of the 18th century and seaweeds have been harvested to be used as fertilizer since at least the 14th century. However, Portuguese seaweeds are still a natural and valuable resource that is relatively under explored or studied, particularly regarding its economic potential. Although Portugal was one of the world’s main agar producers in the past, the sustainability of its seaweed exploitation was overlooked. Contemporary awareness of this valuable resource might bring together role players such as researchers and industries towards innovative and sustainable practices (such as to make use of non-indigenous species that have been registered in the country). Nowadays, almost all Portuguese higher education institutions currently have research groups dedicated to studies related to seaweeds (ranging from ecological and environmental assessment studies to seaweed aquaculture, uses and applications). This work addresses the diversity of Portuguese seaweeds and its main economic aspects.
About the authors
Rui Gaspar studied and works at the University of Coimbra, from where he obtained a Biology degree, a Master’s degree in Ecology and a PhD degree in Biosciences (specialization in Marine Ecology). His areas of scientific activity and expertise have been focusing on coastal and estuarine environments, namely on the ecology, biodiversity and taxonomy of macroalgae, including environmental quality assessment and invasive species.
Leonel Pereira has a degree in Biology (scientific branch) and a PhD in Biology (Cell Biology specialty) from the Faculty of Science and Technology of the University of Coimbra (Portugal), where he is currently Professor. He is an investigator integrated in MARE (Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre). His interests are focused on marine biodiversity (algae), marine biotechnology (bioactive compounds of macroalgae) and marine ecology (environmental assessment). Since 2008 he is the author and editor of the electronic publication MACOI – Portuguese Seaweeds Website (www.uc.pt/seaweeds). He recently received the King D. Carlos Award (18th edition) and the CHOICE Award Winner 2016. Outstanding academic title: Edible seaweeds of the world.
Isabel Sousa-Pinto has a Licenciatura in Biology from the University of Porto and a PhD in Marine Biology (Phycology) from the University of California, Santa Bárbara USA (1994). She is a Professor at University of Porto and head of the Laboratory of Coastal Biodiversity from CIIMAR. Her research interests include the ecology of benthic communities and phycology: biology, ecophysiology, and cultivation, including the systems of Integrated Multitrophic Aquaculture (IMTA). She was a founding member of the Portuguese Association of Applied Phycology.
Acknowledgments
This work had the support of Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), through the strategic project UID/MAR/04292/2019 granted to MARE. Also co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund through the Interreg Atlantic Area Programme, under the project NASPA (EAPA_451/2016), the project EASME, funder id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100008530, Blue Labs – AMALIA (Algae-toMAket Lab IdeAs) (EASME/EMFF/2016/1.2.1.4/03/SI2.750419), the project funder id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100008530, H2020 GENIALG – GENetic diversity exploitation for Innovative macro-ALGal biorefinery (H2020-BG-2016-12017-2021) and the project MARINE INVADERS (PTDC/MAR-EST/6226/2014).
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Article note
This article is part of the special issue series of Botanica Marina: Seaweed resources of the world: a 2020 vision, which has started publication in Botanica Marina 2019, vol. 62, issue 3. The series is guest-edited by Alan T. Critchley, Anicia Hurtado, Leonel Pereira, Melania Cornish, Danilo Largo and Nicholas Paul.
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