Skip to content
Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter November 29, 2016

Computation of spatio-temporal parameters in level walking using a single inertial system in lean and obese adolescents

  • Veronica Cimolin EMAIL logo , Paolo Capodaglio , Nicola Cau , Manuela Galli , Cristina Santovito , Alessandra Patrizi , Gabriella Tringali and Alessandro Sartorio

Abstract

In recent years, the availability of low-cost equipment capable of recording kinematic data during walking has facilitated the outdoor assessment of gait parameters, thus overcoming the limitations of three-dimensional instrumented gait analysis (3D-GA). The aim of this study is twofold: firstly, to investigate whether a single sensor on the lower trunk could provide valid spatio-temporal parameters in level walking in normal-weight and obese adolescents compared to instrumented gait analysis (GA); secondly, to investigate whether the inertial sensor is capable of capturing the spatio-temporal features of obese adolescent gait. These were assessed in 10 obese and 8 non-obese adolescents using both a single inertial sensor on the lower trunk and an optoelectronic system. The parameters obtained were not statistically different in either normal-weight or obese participants between the two methods. Obese adolescents walked with longer stance and double support phase compared to normal-weight participants. The results showed that the inertial system is a valid means of evaluating spatio-temporal parameters in obese individuals.

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge Eng. Lea Caramma for her valuable contribution.

References

[1] Auvinet B, Berrut G, Touzard C, et al. Reference data for normal subjects obtained with an accelerometric device. Gait Posture 2002; 16: 124–134.10.1016/S0966-6362(01)00203-XSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[2] Bugané F, Benedetti MG, Casadio G, et al. Estimation of spatial-temporal gait parameters in level walking based on a single accelerometer: validation on normal subjects by standard gait analysis. Comput Meth Prog Bio 2012; 108: 129–137.10.1016/j.cmpb.2012.02.003Search in Google Scholar

[3] Buganè F, Benedetti MG, D’Angeli V, Leardini A. Estimation of pelvis kinematics in level walking based on a single inertial sensor positioned close to the sacrum: validation on healthy subjects with stereophotogrammetric system. Biomed Eng Online 2014; 13: 146.10.1186/1475-925X-13-146Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[4] Calliess T, Bocklage R, Karkosch R, Marschollek M, Windhagen H, Schulze M. Clinical evaluation of a mobile sensor-based gait analysis method for outcome measurement after knee arthroplasty. Sensors (Basel) 2014; 14: 15953–15964.10.3390/s140915953Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[5] Cimolin V, Galli M, Vismara L, Albertini G, Sartorio A, Capodaglio P. Gait pattern in lean and obese adolescents. Int J Rehabil Res 2015; 38: 40–48.10.1097/MRR.0000000000000089Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[6] Cutti AG, Ferrari A, Garofalo P, et al. ‘Outwalk’: a protocol for clinical gait analysis based on inertial and magnetic sensors. Med Biol Eng Comput 2010; 48: 17–25.10.1007/s11517-009-0545-xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[7] Davis RB, Ounpuu S, Tyburski D, Gage JR. A gait analysis data collection and reduction technique. Hum Mov Sci 1991; 10: 575–587.10.1016/0167-9457(91)90046-ZSearch in Google Scholar

[8] Del Din S, Godfrey A, Rochester L. Validation of an accelerometer to quantify a comprehensive battery of gait characteristics in healthy older adults and Parkinson’s disease: toward clinical and at home use. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2015; 99: 1–10.10.1109/JBHI.2015.2419317Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[9] Esser P, Dawes H, Collett J, Feltham MG, Howells K. Validity and inter-rater reliability of inertial gait measurements in Parkinson’s disease: a pilot study. J Neurosci Meth 2012; 205: 177–181.10.1016/j.jneumeth.2012.01.005Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[10] Ferrari A, Cutti AG, Garofalo P, et al. First in vivo assessment of “Outwalk”: a novel protocol for clinical gait analysis based on inertial and magnetic sensors. Med Biol Eng Comput 2010; 48: 1–15.10.1007/s11517-009-0544-ySearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[11] Floor-Westerdijk MJ, Schepers HM, Veltink PH, van Asseldonk EH, Buurke JH. Use of inertial sensors for ambulatory assessment of center-of-mass displacements during walking. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2012; 59: 2080–2084.10.1109/TBME.2012.2197211Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[12] Ganea R, Jeannet PY, Paraschiv-Ionescu A, et al. Gait assessment in children with duchenne muscular dystrophy during long-distance walking. J Child Neurol 2012; 27: 30–38.10.1177/0883073811413581Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[13] Godfrey A, Conway R, Meagher D, O’Laighin G. Direct measurement of human movement by accelerometry. Med Eng Phys 2008; 30: 1364–1386.10.1016/j.medengphy.2008.09.005Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[14] González RC, López AM, Rodriguez-Uría J, Álvarez D, Alvarez JC. Real-time gait event detection for normal subjects from lower trunk accelerations. Gait Posture 2010; 31: 322–325.10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.11.014Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[15] Grimpampi E, Bonnet V, Taviani A, Mazzà C. Estimate of lower trunk angles in pathological gaits using gyroscope data. Gait Posture 2013; 38: 523–257.10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.01.031Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[16] Horak F, King L, Mancini M. Role of body-worn movement monitor technology for balance and gait rehabilitation. Phys Ther 2015; 95: 461–470.10.2522/ptj.20140253Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[17] Ishigaki N, Kimura T, Usui Y, et al. Analysis of pelvic movement in the elderly during walking using a posture monitoring system equipped with a triaxial accelerometer and a gyroscope. J Biomech 2011; 44: 1788–1792.10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.04.016Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[18] Kleiner A, Galli M, Gaglione M, et al. The parkinsonian gait spatiotemporal parameters quantified by a single inertial sensor before and after automated mechanical peripheral stimulation treatment. Parkinsons Dis 2015; 2015: 390512.10.1155/2015/390512Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[19] Masci I, Vannozzi G, Bergamini E, Pesce C, Getchell N, Cappozzo A. Assessing locomotor skills development in childhood using wearable inertial sensor devices: the running paradigm. Gait Posture 2013; 37: 570–574.10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.09.017Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[20] McCamley J, Donati M, Grimpampi E, Mazzà C. An enhanced estimate of initial contact and final contact instants of time using lower trunk inertial sensor data. Gait Posture 2012; 36: 316–318.10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.02.019Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[21] McGinley JL, Baker R, Wolfe R, Morris ME. The reliability of three-dimensional kinematic gait measurements: a systematic review. Gait Posture 2009; 29: 360–369.10.1016/j.gaitpost.2008.09.003Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[22] McGraw B, McClenaghan BA, Williams HG, Dickerson J, Ward DS. Gait and postural stability in obese and nonobese prepubertal boys. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2000; 81: 484–489.10.1053/mr.2000.3782Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[23] Menz HB, Lord SR, Fitzpatrick RC. Acceleration patterns of the head and pelvis when walking on level and irregular surface. Gait Posture 2003; 18: 35–46.10.1016/S0966-6362(02)00159-5Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[24] Mizuike C, Ohgi S, Morita S. Analysis of stroke patient walking dynamics using a tri-axial accelerometer. Gait Posture 2009; 30: 60–64.10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.02.017Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[25] Pau M, Mandaresu S, Leban B, Nussbaum MA. Short-term effects of backpack carriage on plantar pressure and gait in schoolchildren. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2015; 25: 406–412.10.1016/j.jelekin.2014.11.006Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[26] Perry J, Burnfield JM. Phases of gait. In: gait analysis normal and pathological function. Thorofare, NJ, USA: SLACK incorporated 2010: 9–16.Search in Google Scholar

[27] Rigoberto MM, Otniel PR, Juan-Carlos AV, Daniel LE, Arturo MM. Analysis of subtle movements related to neurodegenerative diseases using wearable inertial sensors: a study in healthy subjects. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2013; 2013: 6119–6122.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[28] Rueterbories J, Spaich EG, Larsen B, Andersen OK. Methods for gait event detection and analysis in ambulatory systems. Med Eng Phys 2010; 32: 545–552.10.1016/j.medengphy.2010.03.007Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[29] Salarian A, Russmann H, Vingerhoets FJG, et al. Gait assessment in Parkinson’s disease: toward an ambulatory system for long-term monitoring. IEEE T Biomed Eng 2004; 51: 1434–1443.10.1109/TBME.2004.827933Search in Google Scholar

[30] Schwesig R, Leuchte S, Fischer D, Ullmann R, Kluttig A. Inertial sensor based reference gait data for healthy subjects. Gait Posture 2011; 33: 673–678.10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.02.023Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[31] van den Noort JC, Ferrari A, Cutti AG, Becher JG, Harlaar J. Gait analysis in children with cerebral palsy via inertial and magnetic sensors. Med Biol Eng Comput 2013; 51: 377–386.10.1007/s11517-012-1006-5Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[32] Zijlstra W, Hof AL. Assessment of spatio-temporal gait parameters from trunk accelerations during human walking. Gait Posture 2003; 18: 1–10.10.1016/S0966-6362(02)00190-XSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

Received: 2015-9-15
Accepted: 2016-10-27
Published Online: 2016-11-29
Published in Print: 2017-10-26

©2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Downloaded on 27.5.2024 from https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/bmt-2015-0180/html
Scroll to top button