Abstract
Aim/Background: nm23 is suggested to represent a new class of metastasis suppressor genes. An inverse correlation between nm23 expression level and metastatic potential has been demonstrated in different malignancies. This study evaluated the prognostic value of nm23 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).
Methods: Immunohistochemical expression level of nm23 was studied in a total of 32 patients with localized GISTs. The relationship between the expression level of nm23 and patient outcome was investigated.
Results: A tumor size of 10 cm or more and a mitotic rate of 10 or more per 50 high-power fields were not significantly associated with the metastasis risk (p=0.60 and 0.55, respectively). Tumors with high expression of nm23 tended to have significantly lower metastatic potential (p= 0.02). The median survival was significantly longer in patients with high expression of nm23 (p=0.007).
Conclusion: These results suggest that expression level of nm23 may be considered as a prognostic predictor in GISTs. Future studies with larger patient numbers will be essential to confirm the prognostic significance of nm23 in patients with GIST.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Pierie JP, et al. The effect of surgery and grade on outcome of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Arch Surg 2001; 136:383–389.
Miettinen M, Majidi M, Lasota J. Pathology and diagnostic criteria of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): a review. Eur J Cancer 2002; 38(suppl 5):39–51.
Miettinen M, Sarlomo-Rikala M, Lasota J. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: recent advances in understanding of their biology. Hum Pathol 1999; 30:1213–1220.
Franquemont DW. Differentiation and risk assessment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Am J Clin Pathol 1995; 103:41–47.
Fletcher CD, et al. Diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a consensus approach. Hum Pathol 2002; 33:459–465.
Steeg PS, et al. Evidence for a novel gene associated with low tumor metastatic potential. J Natl Cancer Inst 1988; 80:200–204.
Terada R, et al. Clinical significance of nm23 expression and chromosome 17 numerical aberrations in primary gastric cancer. Med Oncol 2002; 19:239–248.
Tas F, et al. Prognostic role of nm23 gene expression in patients with ovarian cancer. Am J Clin Oncol 2002; 25:164–167.
Yamaguchi A, et al. Expression of human nm23-H1 and nm23-H2 proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer 1994; 73:2280–2284.
Royds JA, Stephenson TJ, Rees RC, Shorthouse AJ, Silcocks PB. Nm23 protein expression in ductal in situ and invasive human breast carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993; 85:727–731.
Chow NH, Liu HS, Chan SH. The role of nm23-H1 in the progression of transitional cell bladder cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2000; 6:3595–3599.
Iizuka N, et al. The association between nm23-H1 expression and survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 1999; 138:139–144.
Langer C, et al. Prognostic factors influencing surgical management and outcome of gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Br J Surg 2003; 90:332–339.
Trupiano JK, Stewart RE, Misick C, Appelman HD, Goldblum JR. Gasric stromal tumors: a clinicopathologic study of 77 cases with correlation of features with nonaggressive and aggressive clinical behaviors. Am J Surg Pathol 2002; 26:705–714.
Abdulkader I, et al. Predictors of malignant behaviour in gastrointestinal stromal tumours: a clinicopathological study of 34 cases. Eur J Surg 2002; 168:288–296.
Noguchi T, et al. Biological analysis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Oncol Rep 2002; 9:1277–1282.
Yan H, et al. Prognostic assessment of gastronintestinal stromal tumor. Am J Clin Oncol 2003; 26:221–228.
Singer S, et al. Prognostic value of KIT mutation type, mitotic activity, and histologic subtype in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Clin Oncol 2002; 18:3898–3905.
Emory TS, Sobin LH, Lukes L, Lee DH, O’Leary TJ. Prognosis of gastrointestinal smooth-muscle (stromal) tumors: dependence on anatomic site. Am J Surg Pathol 1999; 23:82–87.
Sakurai S, et al. Telomerase activity in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Cancer 1998; 83:2060–2066.
Miettinen M, El-Rifai W, Sobin L, Lasota J. Evaluation of malignancy and prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a review. Hum Pathol 2002; 33:478–483.
Takahashi R, et al. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiogenesis in gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach. Oncology 2003; 64:266–274.
Heide I, et al. Expression and mutational analysis of Nm23-H1 in liver metastases of colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 1994; 70:1267–1271.
Chen HY, Hsu CT, Lin WC, Tsai HD, Chang WC. Prognostic value of nm23 expression in stage IB1 cervical carcinoma. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2001; 31:327–332.
Miler W, Schneiders A, Hommel G, Gabbert H. Expression of nm23 in gastric cracinoma. Association with tumor progression and poor prognosis. Cancer 1998; 83:2481–2487.
Fujimoto Y, Nakanishi Y, Yoshimura K, Shimoda T. Clinicopathologic study of primary malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach, with special reference to prognostic factors: analysis of results in 140 surgically resected patients. Gastric Cancer 2003; 6:39–48.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kanat, O., Adim, S., Evrensel, T. et al. Prognostic value of nm23 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Med Oncol 21, 53–57 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1385/MO:21:1:53
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/MO:21:1:53