Abstract
PSEN1 and PSEN2 encode polytopic membrane proteins, termed presenilin 1 (PS1) and presenilin 2 (PS2) that play an essential role in intramembranous (“γ-secretase”) proteolysis of selected type I membrane proteins, that include Notch1 and β-amyloid precursor protein (APP). In order to gain insights into biochemical mechanisms underlying γ-secretase processing of Notch1 and APP, we have developed a novel in vitro assay in which γ-secretase-mediated generation of S3/NICD and APP-CTFγ can be readily detected in isolated membrane fractions derived from immortalized PS1+/− mouse embryonic fibroblasts; production of the APP and Notch1 derivatives are inhibited by a highly selective and potent γ-secretase inhibitor, L-685,458, with a IC50 of ∼50 pM. In membranes prepared from PS1-deficient fibroblasts, we detected APP-CTFγ, albeit at low levels. Unexpectedly, and despite the presence of endogenous PS2 in membranes prepared from PS1-deficient fibroblasts, production of the Notch derivatives, S3/NICD, was nearly undetectable in these reactions. Moreover, S3/NICD production is neither detected in detergent-solubilized membrane preparations from PS1-deficient cells, nor in reactions containing PS1-containing membranes that were co-solubilized with membranes from PS −/− cells expressing a chimeric Notch 1 species. These findings strongly suggest that the factors responsible for intramembranous, γ-secretase proteolysis of APP and Notch1 are neither equivalent, nor exchangeable.
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Ikeuchi, T., Sisodia, S.S. Cell-free generation of the Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD) and APP-CTFγ. Neuromol Med 1, 43–54 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1385/NMM:1:1:43
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/NMM:1:1:43