Skip to main content

Activation of p53 Protein Function in Response to Cellular Irradiation

  • Protocol
  • 925 Accesses

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology™ ((MIMB,volume 113))

Abstract

p53 protein is a key regulatory component of a stress-inducible cell-cycle checkpoint pathway in mammalian cells, which can promote either cell-growth arrest or apoptosis, depending on the type of cell and damaging agent utilized. Environmental insults that can activate the p53 pathway are quite distinct, and include ionizing and nonionizing radiation (15), antimetabolites which inhibit ribonucleotide biosynthesis (6), inhibitors of spindle formation (7), microtubule-affecting drugs (8), factors inducing differentiation (9), signaling pathways activated in transformed cells during anchorage-independent growth (10), heat shock (11), and hypoxia (12).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Protocol
USD   49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Springer Nature is developing a new tool to find and evaluate Protocols. Learn more

References

  1. Hall., P. A., McKee, P. H., Menage, H., Dover, R., and Lane, D. P. (1993) High levels of p53 protein in UV irradiated human skin. Oncogene 8, 203–207.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Campbell, C., Quinn, A. G., Angus, B., Farr, P. M., and Rees, J. (1993) Wavelength specific patterns of p53 induction in human skin following exposure to UV radiation. Cancer Res. 53, 2697–2699.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Merritt, A. J., Potten, C. S., Kemp, C. J., Hickman, J. A., Balmain, A., Lane, D. P., et al. (1994) The role of p53 in spontaneous and radiation-induced apoptosis in the gastrointestinal tract of normal and p53-deficient mice. Cancer Res. 54, 614–617.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Midgley, C. M., Owens, B., Briscoe, C. V., Thomas, D. B., Lane, D. P., and Hall, P. A. (1995) Coupling between gamma irradiation, p53 induction, and the apoptotic response depends upon cell type in vivo. J. Cell. Sci. 108, 1843–1848.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. MacCallum, D. E., Hupp, T. R., Midgley, C. A., Stuart, D., Campbell, S. J., Harper, A., et al. (1996) The p53 response to ionising radiation in adult and developing murine tissues. Oncogene 13, 2575–2587.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Linke, S. P., Clarkin, K. C., DiLeonardo, A., Tsou, A., and Wahl, G. M. (1996) A reversible, p53-dependent G0/G1 cell cycle arrest induced by ribonucleotide depletion in the absence of detectable DNA damage. Genes Dev. 10, 934–947.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Cross, S. M., Sanchez, C. A., Morgan, C. A. Schimke, M. K., Ramel, S., Idzerda, R. L., et al. (1995) A p53-dependent mouse spindle checkpoint. Science 267, 1353–1356.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Tishler, R. B., Lamppu, D. M., Park, S., and Price, B. D. (1995) Microtubuleactive drugs taxol, vinblastine, and nocodazole increase the levels of transcriptionally active p53. Cancer Res. 55, 6021–6025.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Lutzker, S. G. and Levine. A. J. (1996) A functionally inactive p53 protein in teratocarcinoma cells is activated by either DNA damage or cellular differentiation. Nature Med. 2, 804–810.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Nikiforov, M. A., Hagen, K., Ossovskaya, V. S., Connor, T. M. F., Lowe, S. W., Deichman, G. I., et al. (1996) p53 modulation of anchorage independent growth and experimental metastasis. Oncogene 13, 1709–1719.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Sugano, T., Nitta, M., Ohmori, H., and Yamaizumi, M. (1995) Nuclear accumulation of p53 in normal human fibroblasts is induced by various cellular stresses which evoke the heat shock response, independently of the cell cycle. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 86, 415–418.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Graeber, T. G., Osmanian, C., Jacks, T., Housman, D. E., Koch, C. J., Lowe, S. W. et al. (1996) Hypoxia-mediated selection of cells with diminished apoptotic potential in solid tumours. Nature 379, 88–91.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Kastan, M. B., Onyekwere, O., Sidransky, D., Vogelstein, B., and Craig, R. W. (1991). Participation of p53 protein in the cellular response to DNA damage. Cancer Res. 51, 6304–6311.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Lu, X. and Lane, D. P. (1993). Differential induction of transcriptionally active p53 following UV or ionizing radiation: defects in chromosome instability syndromes? Cell 75, 765–778.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Hupp T. R. and Lane, D. P. (1995) Two distinct signalling pathways activate the latent DNA binding function of p53 in a casein kinase II-independent manner. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 18,165–18,174.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Hupp, T. R., Sparks, A., and Lane, D. P. (1995) Small peptides activate the latent DNA binding function of p53. Cell 83, 237–245.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Hupp, T. R. and Lane D. P. (1994) Regulation of the cryptic sequence-specific DNA binding function of p53 by protein kinases. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 59, 195–206.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. El-Deiry, W. S., Kern, S. E., Pietenpol, J. A., Kinzler, K. W., and Vogelstein, B. (1992) Definition of a consensus binding site for p53. Nature Genet. 1, 45–49.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Hupp, T. R., Meek, D. W., Midgley, C. A., and Lane, D. P. (1992) Regulation of the specific DNA binding function of p53. Cell 71, 875–886.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Shaulsky, G., Ben-Ze’ev, A., and Rotter, V. (1990) Subcellular distribution of the p53 protein during the cell cycle of Balb/c 3T3 cells. Oncogene 5, 1707–1711.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Humana Press Inc.

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Blaydes, J.P., Sparks, A., Hupp, T.R. (1999). Activation of p53 Protein Function in Response to Cellular Irradiation. In: Henderson, D.S. (eds) DNA Repair Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 113. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-675-4:591

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-675-4:591

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-802-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-675-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics