Chest
Clinical InvestigationsCancerPulmonary Carcinoid: Presentation, Diagnosis, and Outcome in 142 Cases in Israel and Review of 640 Cases From the Literature
Section snippets
Materials and Methods
We reviewed the medical records of 142 patients with carcinoid tumors treated at four major medical centers in Israel over the last 20 years (from 1980 to 1999). Data were collected from Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem; Shiba Medical Center, Tel-Aviv; Carmel Medical Center, Haifa; and Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tiqva. The data analyzed included patients' age and sex, smoking history, presenting symptoms, mode of diagnosis, location and size of tumor, tumor spread, methods of treatment,
Results
The 142 patients consisted of 56 male and 86 female patients aged 12 to 80 years (mean ± SD, 52 ± 16 years). According to the histologic findings, 128 patients (48 male and 80 female patients; age range, 12 to 80 years) had a typical carcinoid tumor, and 14 patients (8 male and 6 female patients; age range, 22 to 75 years) had an atypical carcinoid tumor. The annual incidence is seven cases per year for a population of about 2.5 to 3 million people (the areas of referral for the four major
Discussion
The annual incidence of pulmonary carcinoid in Israel is quite low and is estimated to be 2.5 cases per 1 million people. Our female to male ratio of 1.6:1 contrasts with other studies in the literature, which reported an almost equal sex distribution.8,9 The relative rates of typical and atypical carcinoid tumors are similar to those reported by some authors, although in other series, the prevalence of atypical carcinoids was about 20%.10,11,12
The prevalence of smokers among the typical
Conclusion
Carcinoid tumor is an uncommon tumor in Israel. It is more common in woman and occurs frequently in the central airways, causing obstruction of an airway. Diagnosis can be made easily using bronchoscopy, and surgical removal is the treatment of choice. Long-term results are excellent in the typical form but less favorable in the atypical form.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors thank Gloria Ginzach and Marian Propp for editorial and secretarial assistance.
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