Table 1Person-centered Care of Participants
Factors |
Items |
M±SD (Sum±SD) |
Personalizing care |
․ We often discuss how to give person-centered care |
3.61±0.78 |
․ We have formal team meetings to discuss resident’s care |
2.49±1.07 |
․ The life history of the residents is formally used in the care plans we use |
3.27±0.84 |
․ The quality of the interaction between staff and residents is more important than getting the tasks done |
3.37±0.74 |
․ We are free to alter work routines based on residents’ preferences |
3.55±0.74 |
․ Residents are offered the opportunity to be involved in individualized everyday activities |
2.95±0.84 |
․ Assessment of residents’ needs is undertaken on a daily basis |
3.41±0.80 |
Subtotal |
3.24±0.54 (22.66±3.81) |
Organization and environmental support |
․ I simply do not have the time to provide person-centered care†
|
3.37±0.80 |
․ The environment feels chaotic†
|
3.69±0.82 |
․ We have to get the work done before we can worry about a homelike environment†
|
3.19±0.83 |
․ This organization prevents me from providing person-centered care†
|
3.30±0.95 |
․ It is hard for residents in this facility to find their way around†
|
3.58±0.93 |
․ Residents are able to access outside space as they wish |
2.53±1.04 |
Subtotal |
3.28±0.54 (19.66±3.25) |
Total |
|
3.25±0.45 (42.32±5.86) |
Table 2Nursing Service Quality of Participants
Factors |
Items |
M±SD |
Tangibility |
․ Concerning about hygiene of the pt's room |
4.00±0.58 |
․ Providing comfortable environment at resting |
3.54±0.71 |
․ Providing nursing service in good facilities |
3.11±0.85 |
․ Providing good feeling by nurse's good-looking |
3.73±0.61 |
Subtotal |
3.59±0.51 |
Reliability |
|
3.72±0.56 |
․ Giving information & getting permission |
3.88±0.63 |
․ Giving concern & solving pt's problems |
4.00±0.58 |
․ Being reliable as nurse |
3.87±0.51 |
Subtotal |
3.87±0.45 |
Responsiveness |
․ Immediately correcting environment problem of pt's room |
3.97±0.57 |
․ Helping pt willingly whenever help is needed |
4.09±0.54 |
․ Providing nursing service immediately even if too much busy |
3.84±0.63 |
․ Providing medication & treatment at correct time |
4.23±0.52 |
Subtotal |
4.03±0.45 |
Assurance |
․ Possessing nursing knowledge as performing own job |
3.79±0.62 |
․ Giving information about hospitalization |
3.89±0.56 |
․ Giving assurance about reliable nursing care |
3.95±0.55 |
․ Providing nursing service with a sense of duty |
3.96±0.66 |
Subtotal |
3.89±0.48 |
Empathy |
|
3.97±0.54 |
․ Respecting pt's personality |
4.08±0.50 |
․ Listening pt's complaints |
3.99±0.51 |
․ Providing courage & hope |
3.82±0.66 |
Subtotal |
3.96±0.47 |
Total |
|
3.87±0.40 |
Table 3Person-centered Care and Nursing Service Quality according to Participants' Characteristics
Characteristics |
Categories |
n (%) |
M±SD |
Person-centered care |
Nursing service quality |
M±SD |
t or F (p) |
M±SD |
t or F (p) |
Age (year) |
23~<40 |
32 (28.0) |
45.53±9.67 |
3.07±0.49a |
3.92 (.023) |
3.69±0.39a
|
6.64 (.002) |
40~<50 |
37 (32.5) |
3.30±0.35 |
3.86±0.34 |
50~62 |
45 (29.5) |
3.34±0.47b
|
4.01±0.40b
|
Religion |
Have |
85 (74.6) |
|
3.30±0.45 |
1.85 (.067) |
3.88±0.42 |
0.51 (.608) |
None |
29 (25.4) |
3.12±0.44 |
3.84±0.31 |
Marital status |
Single |
19 (16.7) |
|
3.12±0.48 |
−1.34 (.182) |
3.75±0.29 |
−1.27 (.206) |
Married |
95 (83.3) |
3.27±0.45 |
3.89±0.41 |
Position |
Staff |
71 (62.3) |
|
3.28±0.41 |
0.67 (.507) |
3.81±0.36 |
|
Charge/Head |
43 (37.7) |
3.22±0.51 |
3.97±0.44 |
Education |
Diploma |
60 (52.6) |
|
3.26±0.48 |
0.86 (.428) |
3.86±0.38 |
0.13 (.882) |
Bachelor |
46 (40.4) |
3.29±0.44 |
3.88±0.40 |
≥Master |
8 (7.0) |
3.06±0.34 |
3.93±0.51 |
Income/month (10,000 won) |
180~<200 |
26 (22.8) |
209.09±20.42 |
3.29±0.42 |
0.24 (.785) |
3.86±0.34 |
0.25 (.779) |
200~<210 |
45 (39.5) |
3.27±0.51 |
3.84±0.48 |
210~270 |
43 (37.7) |
3.22±0.41 |
3.90±0.34 |
Satisfaction of income |
Unsatisfied |
53 (46.5) |
|
3.13±0.41 |
4.32 (.016) |
2.94±0.28 |
0.64 (.532) |
Moderate |
55 (48.2) |
3.34±0.47 |
2.90±0.33 |
Satisfied |
6 (5.3) |
3.54±0.37 |
3.03±0.34 |
Duty shift |
Regular |
90 (78.9) |
|
3.27±0.45 |
0.67 (.501) |
3.89±0.39 |
1.07 (.286) |
Shift |
24 (21.1) |
3.20±0.48 |
3.79±0.40 |
Career of nurse (year) |
0.25~<10 |
43 (37.7) |
12.81±7.87 |
3.25±0.45 |
0.06 (.956) |
3.80±0.40 |
1.24 (.294) |
10~<15 |
28 (24.6) |
3.27±0.59 |
3.90±0.44 |
15~37.67 |
43 (37.7) |
3.24±0.56 |
3.92±0.36 |
Career of long-term care hospital (year) |
0.08~<2 |
29 (25.4) |
3.66±2.64 |
3.24±0.48 |
0.57 (.565) |
3.88±0.38 |
0.43 (.655) |
2~<4 |
36 (31.6) |
3.32±0.45 |
3.82±0.41 |
4~≤13 |
49 (43.0) |
3.22±0.44 |
3.90±0.39 |
Career of present hospital (year) |
0.08~<1 |
39 (34.2) |
1.81±1.52 |
3.27±0.42 |
0.05 (.948) |
3.86±0.36 |
0.20 (.816) |
1~<2 |
24 (21.1) |
3.23±0.42 |
3.92±0.49 |
2~7.17 |
51 (44.7) |
3.25±0.50 |
3.86±0.38 |
Application of opinion |
Difficult |
54 (47.4) |
|
3.13±0.48a
|
5.96 (.003) |
3.82±0.39 |
1.21 (.302) |
Moderate |
50 (43.8) |
3.33±0.42 |
3.91±0.42 |
Easy |
10 (8.8) |
3.59±0.17b
|
4.00±0.26 |
Satisfaction of hospital managers |
Unsatisfied |
37 (32.5) |
|
3.06±0.50a
|
11.09 (<.001) |
3.81±0.34a
|
4.63 (.012) |
Moderate |
59 (51.8) |
3.26±0.38a
|
3.83±0.41a
|
Satisfied |
18 (15.7) |
3.62±0.34b
|
4.12±0.38b
|
Satisfaction of administrators |
Unsatisfied |
33 (28.9) |
|
3.00±0.48a
|
10.39 (<.001) |
3.77±0.30a
|
3.80 (.025) |
Moderate |
57 (50.0) |
3.30±0.38b
|
|
3.86±0.43 |
Satisfied |
24 (21.1) |
3.50±0.42b
|
|
4.05±0.38b
|
Satisfaction of nurse manager |
Unsatisfied |
14 (12.3) |
|
2.88±0.47a
|
9.76 (<.001) |
3.81±0.41a
|
3.97 (.022) |
Moderate |
45 (39.5) |
3.19±0.37a
|
3.76±0.41a
|
Satisfied |
55 (48.2) |
3.41±0.44b
|
3.97±0.35b
|
Number of beds |
195~<240 |
95 (83.3) |
242.50±37.44 |
3.26±0.46 |
0.15 (.882) |
3.87±0.40 |
−0.10 (.920) |
240~316 |
19 (16.7) |
3.24±0.43 |
3.88±0.37 |
Number of nurses |
8~<17 |
52 (45.6) |
16.00±5.37 |
3.23±0.45 |
−0.55 (.583) |
3.90±0.39 |
0.61 (.546) |
17~≤24 |
62 (54.4) |
3.28±0.46 |
3.85±0.40 |
Table 4Correlation between Person-centered Care and Nursing Service Quality of Participants
Variable |
Nursing service quality |
Person-centered care |
.42 (<.001) |
Table 5Factors influencing Nursing Service Quality
Factors |
B |
SE |
β |
t |
p
|
Person-centered care |
0.40 |
0.07 |
.46 |
5.62 |
<.001 |
Position |
0.16 |
0.07 |
.19 |
2.34 |
.021 |
Age |
0.14 |
0.07 |
.17 |
2.02 |
.046 |
|
R2=.30, Adj. R2=.28, F=15.81, p<.001 |