Nonorthogonal tRNAcysAmber for protein and nascent chain labeling
- 1Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- 2Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- 3Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- 4Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Corresponding author: jthuang{at}gate.sinica.edu.tw
Abstract
In vitro-transcribed suppressor tRNAs are commonly used in site-specific fluorescence labeling for protein and ribosome-bound nascent chains (RNCs) studies. Here, we describe the production of nonorthogonal Bacillus subtilis tRNAcysAmber from Escherichia coli, a process that is superior to in vitro transcription in terms of yield, ease of manipulation, and tRNA stability. As cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase was previously shown to aminoacylate tRNAcysAmber with lower efficiency, multiple tRNA synthetase mutants were designed to optimize aminoacylation. Aminoacylated tRNA was conjugated to a fluorophore to produce BODIPY FL-cysteinyl-tRNAcysAmber, which was used to generate ribosome-bound nascent chains of different lengths with the fluorophore incorporated at various predetermined sites. This tRNA tool may be beneficial in the site-specific labeling of full-length proteins as well as RNCs for biophysical and biological research.
Keywords
- aminoacylation
- fluorescence labeling
- ribosome-bound nascent chain
- suppressor tRNA
- time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy
Footnotes
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Article published online ahead of print. Article and publication date are at http://www.rnajournal.org/cgi/doi/10.1261/rna.051805.115.
- Received March 16, 2015.
- Accepted June 8, 2015.
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