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Perineural Invasion and Lymphovascular Invasion are Associated with Increased Risk of Biochemical Recurrence in Patients Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy

  • Urologic Oncology
  • Published:
Annals of Surgical Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

This study was designed to determine whether perineural invasion (PNI) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) are independent predictors for biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer (PCa) following radical prostatectomy (RP) in the Asian population.

Methods

The study population comprised 2394 PCa patients undergoing RP at our institution in Korea. After excluding 360 patients, we compared the baseline characteristics between the groups according to the presence of PNI or LVI and estimated BCR-free survival using the Kaplan–Meier survival. Multivariate Cox regression model was adopted to identify significant predictive factors of BCR following RP.

Results

Among 2034 patients, PNI and LVI were detected in 69.3 and 12.4 % patients, respectively. Patients with PNI or LVI had higher rates of advanced biopsy and pathological Gleason score (≥7), and higher proportions of advanced clinical and pathological T stage ≥3, extraprostatic extension, seminal vesicle invasion, and surgical margin positivity. Notably, BCR-free survival was lower in patients with PNI or LVI compared with that in patients without these markers and lower in patients with both markers compared with that in other populations of patients. Moreover, PNI (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.11) and LVI (HR = 1.57) were significant predictors of BCR. The presence of the two markers was associated with a higher risk of BCR (HR = 4.60) compared with the presence of either marker alone (HR = 3.47).

Conclusions

PNI and LVI are adverse pathologic parameters and independent predictors for BCR, and the concurrent presence of PNI and LVI resulted in poorer outcomes for BCR in PCa patients who underwent RP.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Minyong Kang MD, PhD

  2. Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea

    Jong Jin Oh MD, PhD, Sangchul Lee MD, PhD, Sung Kyu Hong MD, PhD, Sang Eun Lee MD, PhD & Seok-Soo Byun MD, PhD

Authors
  1. Minyong Kang MD, PhD
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  2. Jong Jin Oh MD, PhD
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  3. Sangchul Lee MD, PhD
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  4. Sung Kyu Hong MD, PhD
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  5. Sang Eun Lee MD, PhD
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  6. Seok-Soo Byun MD, PhD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Seok-Soo Byun MD, PhD.

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10434_2016_5153_MOESM1_ESM.tif

Fig. S1. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis for biochemical recurrence (BCR) following radical prostatectomy (RP) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa), according to the presence of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasm. Log-rank test was used for determining the statistical significance between the groups (TIF 21 kb)

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Kang, M., Oh, J.J., Lee, S. et al. Perineural Invasion and Lymphovascular Invasion are Associated with Increased Risk of Biochemical Recurrence in Patients Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy. Ann Surg Oncol 23, 2699–2706 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-016-5153-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-016-5153-z

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