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Utilization of Radiotherapy for Malignant Phyllodes Tumors: Analysis of the National Cancer Data Base, 1998–2009

  • Breast Oncology
  • Published:
Annals of Surgical Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Malignant phyllodes tumors of the breast have traditionally been treated with surgical excision. Recently, the use of adjuvant radiotherapy has been advocated to reduce the risk of local recurrence; however, this recommendation is controversial in the absence of consistent outcome data. We hypothesize that there has been a trend toward increased utilization of adjuvant radiotherapy for malignant phyllodes tumors despite its uncertain effect on outcomes.

Methods

Using the National Cancer Data Base, predictors of radiotherapy utilization were examined for women with malignant phyllodes from 1998 to 2009. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression models were generated to determine the effect of radiotherapy on local recurrence (LR), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS).

Results

Of the 3,120 patients with malignant phyllodes, 57 % underwent breast conservation surgery and 42 % underwent mastectomy. Overall, 14.3 % of women received adjuvant radiotherapy. Utilization of radiotherapy doubled over the study period (9.5 % in 1998–1999 vs. 19.5 % in 2008–2009, p < 0.001). Women were significantly more likely to receive radiotherapy if they were diagnosed later in the study, were age 50–59 years old, had tumors >10 cm, or had lymph nodes removed. For the 1,774 patients with available recurrence data, overall recurrence was 14.1 %, and LR was 5.9 %. In adjusted models, adjuvant radiotherapy reduced LR (aHR 0.43, 95 % CI 0.19–0.95) but did not impact DFS or OS after 53 months’ median follow-up.

Conclusions

Utilization of adjuvant radiotherapy for malignant phyllodes doubled from 1998 to 2009. Radiotherapy significantly reduced LR but had no effect on DFS or OS.

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Disclosure

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA

    Jennifer L. Gnerlich MD, Richelle T. Williams MD, Nora Jaskowiak MD & Swati A. Kulkarni MD

  2. Cancer Programs, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL, USA

    Richelle T. Williams MD

  3. Department of Surgery, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA

    Katherine Yao MD

Authors
  1. Jennifer L. Gnerlich MD
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  2. Richelle T. Williams MD
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  3. Katherine Yao MD
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  4. Nora Jaskowiak MD
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  5. Swati A. Kulkarni MD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Swati A. Kulkarni MD.

Additional information

Jennifer L. Gnerlich and Richelle T. Williams have contributed equally to this study.

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Gnerlich, J.L., Williams, R.T., Yao, K. et al. Utilization of Radiotherapy for Malignant Phyllodes Tumors: Analysis of the National Cancer Data Base, 1998–2009. Ann Surg Oncol 21, 1222–1230 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-013-3395-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-013-3395-6

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