法医学杂志

法医学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 559-564.DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.04.023

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

DNA条形码技术及其在法医学中的应用展望

吴建1， 高红艳1， 罗丽1， 文仕涛2， 陈鹏宇1，3， 余舰1，3   

  1. 1. 遵义医科大学法医学院，贵州 遵义 563000； 2. 湄潭县公安局，贵州 湄潭 564100； 3. 遵义医科大学附属医院司法医学鉴定中心，贵州 遵义 563000
  • 发布日期:2020-08-25 出版日期:2020-08-28
  • 通讯作者: 陈鹏宇，男，副教授，主要从事法医遗传学研究；E-mail：179093102@qq.com 余舰，男，教授，主要从事法医学研究；E-mail：783065265@qq.com
  • 作者简介:吴建（1994－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事法医学研究；E-mail：wujian_2018zmu@163.com

DNA Barcode Technology and Its Application Prospects in Forensic Medicine

WU Jian1, GAO Hong-yan1, LUO Li1, WEN Shi-tao2, CHEN Peng-yu1,3, YU Jian1,3   

  1. 1. School of Forensic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; 2. Meitan Public Security Bureau, Meitan 564100, Guizhou Province, China; 3. Center of Forensic Expertise, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Online:2020-08-25 Published:2020-08-28

PDF (PC)

891

摘要： 传统的物种鉴定历经了从形态学、细胞学、生物化学、免疫学到分子生物学5个阶段的发展，目前使用DNA技术进行物种鉴定已然成为研究热点。利用DNA进行物种鉴定中，DNA条形码的提出与应用具有划时代的重要意义。结合已成功应用的物种鉴定新技术，法医学物种鉴定也取得了相应的发展，并有望在法医学相关领域发挥重要作用。本文简述了DNA条形码技术的概况、原理以及在生物分类应用上的优势与局限性，并对DNA条形码技术在法医学应用中的意义与可行性等进行展望，以期为未来的法医学鉴定提供新思路。

关键词: 法医遗传学, DNA条形码, 物种鉴定, 综述

Abstract: Traditional species identification has gone through five stages -- morphology, cytology, biochemistry, immunology and molecular biology. At present, the use of DNA technology for species identification has become a research hotspot. In the use of DNA for species identification, the presentation and application of DNA barcode is of epoch-making significance. With the successful application of new technology in species identification, forensic species identification has also made corresponding development, and is expected to play an important role in forensic related fields. This paper briefly describes the general situation and principles of DNA barcode technology as well as its advantages and limitations when applied to biological classification, and discusses the future significance and feasibility of DNA barcode technology in forensic applications, in order to provide new ideas for future forensic identification.

Key words: forensic genetics, DNA barcode, species identification, review