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Nanomaterial-Based Modulation of Tumor Microenvironments for Enhancing Chemo/Immunotherapy

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Abstract

The tumor microenvironment (TME) has drawn considerable research attention as an alternative target for nanomedicine-based cancer therapy. Various nanomaterials that carry active substances have been designed to alter the features or composition of the TME and thereby improve the delivery and efficacy of anticancer chemotherapeutics. These alterations include disruption of the extracellular matrix and tumor vascular systems to promote perfusion or modulate hypoxia. Nanomaterials have also been used to modulate the immunological microenvironment of tumors. In this context, nanomaterials have been shown to alter populations of cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor-associated macrophages, regulatory T cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Despite considerable progress, nanomaterial-based TME modulation must overcome several limitations before this strategy can be translated to clinical trials, including issues related to limited tumor tissue penetration, tumor heterogeneity, and immune toxicity. In this review, we summarize recent progress and challenges of nanomaterials used to modulate the TME to enhance the efficacy of anticancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

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Funding

This research was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and ICT, Republic of Korea (NRF-2018R1A2A1A05019203; NRF-2018R1A5A2024425), and the Korean Health Technology R&D Project (Nos. HI15C2842; HI18C2177), Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea.

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  1. Quoc-Viet Le and Juhan Suh contributed equally to this work.

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  1. College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea

    Quoc-Viet Le, Juhan Suh & Yu-Kyoung Oh

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  1. Quoc-Viet Le
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  2. Juhan Suh
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Correspondence to Yu-Kyoung Oh.

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Le, QV., Suh, J. & Oh, YK. Nanomaterial-Based Modulation of Tumor Microenvironments for Enhancing Chemo/Immunotherapy. AAPS J 21, 64 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1208/s12248-019-0333-y

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