杨从新, 郜志腾, 张旭耀. 基于改进VonKarman模型的风力机来流三维风速模拟[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(15): 39-46. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.15.006
    引用本文: 杨从新, 郜志腾, 张旭耀. 基于改进VonKarman模型的风力机来流三维风速模拟[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(15): 39-46. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.15.006
    Yang Congxin, Gao Zhiteng, Zhang Xuyao. Simulation of 3D wind velocity inflowing into wind turbine based on improved VonKarman model[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2016, 32(15): 39-46. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.15.006
    Citation: Yang Congxin, Gao Zhiteng, Zhang Xuyao. Simulation of 3D wind velocity inflowing into wind turbine based on improved VonKarman model[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2016, 32(15): 39-46. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.15.006

    基于改进VonKarman模型的风力机来流三维风速模拟

    Simulation of 3D wind velocity inflowing into wind turbine based on improved VonKarman model

    • 摘要: 为准确表征风力机来流的三维脉动风场,基于改进VonKarman模型,分别采用谐波叠加法(harmony superposition method,HSM)和自回归滑动平均法(auto-regressive moving-average,ARMA)对某33 kW水平轴风力机来流风况进行脉动风速模拟,并采用现有软件在同等参数下模拟结果与2种方法的对比。结果表明,HSM法所模拟出脉动风速的功率谱与目标谱更加吻合;3种方法自相关性都随时间增大而减小,其中ARMA法和软件模拟结果的自相关性较好;HSM法互相关系数极差值在8.49 、11.31 、19.80 m的间距上分别为0.764 9、0.580 7、0.438 7,其互相关系数随间距增大而减小,更符合实测结果。研究不仅可为不同风场随机来流条件下风力机气动计算提供依据,也可为近地面其他农业机械及工程设施的风荷载计算提供参考。

       

      Abstract: Currently, as an effective technique to face the energy crisis, large-scale wind turbines in MW level is more and more widely used in the field of environment protection and green energy industry.In boundary layer wind field, random wind load can bring more obvious aerodynamic load fluctuation to long blades and high tower, which affects the structural stability of wind turbines.An accurate random wind speed model plays a significant role in the aerodynamic load calculations of wind turbines in the atmospheric boundary layer.Random wind speed can be decomposed into averaging wind speed and fluctuating wind speed.The averaging wind speed can be described by wind shear effect, and the fluctuating wind speed can be described by turbulence spectra.In the runtime environment of wind turbines, it's proper to use specific turbulence spectra to describe the fluctuating wind speed of inflow on the inlet because the entrance region of wind farm is the equal of a flat field.Compared with static buildings, the dynamic turbine rotor causes great disturbances to the wind speed.So the hybrid numerical simulation to combine the random wind speed generated by specific turbulence spectra on the inlet with turbulence models is more appropriate to the aerodynamic load calculations.In this paper, we verified the accuracy of random wind speed generation methods on the inlet of wind turbines.IEC61400-1 and many research papers recommend to use exponential law to describe the wind shear effect.The improved Von Karman spectrum corrected the flaws of Von Karman spectrum below about 150 m, which is more appropriate to wind farms.Based on the exponential law, 3D improved Von Karman spectrum and cross-spectrum model.We used the harmony superposition method and auto-regressive moving-average method to generate fluctuating wind speed of a 33 kW horizontal axis wind turbine.The hub height of this wind turbine was 15.4 m, and the rated wind speed was 11 m/s.The terrain roughness length was 0.03 m and the wind shear index was 0.2.The time step was 0.1 s and the upper rate limit was 2π rad/s.The length of the simulation was 100 s.The inlet was a rectangular area with 30 m × 30 m, and the grid step was 2 m.As a contrast, in this paper, we used the PSCAD to generate fluctuating wind speed with the same parameter.We compared these three methods, power spectrum, self-correlation and cross-correlation.The results showed that the power spectrum which was produced by HSM fit well with target power spectrum.The self-correlation of these three methods decreased as time increased, and the self-correlation of ARMA and PSCAD was better than HSM.The cross-correlation from the HSM method decreased as distance increased, which fit well with the measured results.Last, in this paper, we compared the turbulence intensity and got the three-dimensional distributions of velocity on the inlet.The turbulence intensity decreased as height increased, the difference value of turbulence intensity in the along-wind, crosswind, vertical wind was 8.96%, 6.98%, and 4.91%, respectively.This difference value would be more obvious on the large-scale wind turbines.

       

    /

    返回文章
    返回