Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 5353 No. 6: 13 Oct. 2023
Type: Article
Published: 2023-10-13
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5353.6.2
Page range: 533-550
Abstract views: 153
PDF downloaded: 89

Re-description of the genus Heterobiantes and its type species H. geniculatus (Opiliones: Laniatores: Epedanidae) with additional genital and external morphology data

Science Unit; Lingnan University; Hong Kong; China
Science Unit; Lingnan University; Hong Kong; China
Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province; Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development; College of Life Sciences; Hebei University; Baoding; China
Opiliones Taxonomy Arachnida harvestmen Epedaninae Hong Kong

Abstract

The genus Heterobiantes Roewer, 1912 and its type species Epedanus geniculatus Pocock, 1903 are redescribed based on the type specimen currently housed within the British Museum of Natural History (BMNH), London, along with new specimens captured in Hong Kong, providing updated morphological data and male genital description. Closer inspections reveal how the species is different from other similar genera within Epedaninae and rationalizes its placement as a monotypic genus within the sub-family. Genetic data are also included.

 

References

  1. Acosta, L.E. (1999) The identity of Pachyloides tucumanus n. comb. (ex Bosqia), with a proposal of generic synonymy and the new name Pachyloides yungarum (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae, Pachylinae). The Journal of Arachnology, 27 (2), 458–464. [http://www.jstor.org/stable/3706043]
  2. Acosta, L.E., Pérez-González, A. & Tourinho, A.L. (2007) Methods for taxonomic study. In: Pinto-da-Rocha, R., Machado, G. & Giribet, G. (Eds.), Harvestmen: The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, pp. 494–510.
  3. Bennett, M.K. & Townsend, V.R. Jr. (2013) Reproductive morphology of three species of neotropical harvestmen (Opiliones, Laniatores, Gonyleptoidea). Journal of Morphology, 274 (12), 1415–1424. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.20191 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.20191
  4. Boyer, S.L., Clouse, R.M., Benavides, L.R., Sharma, P., Schwendinger, P.J., Karunarathna, I. & Giribet, G. (2007) Biogeography of the world: a case study from cyphophthalmid Opiliones, a globally distributed group of arachnids. Journal of Biogeography, 2007 (34), 2070–2085. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01755.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01755.x
  5. Curtis, D.J. & Machado, G. (2007) Ecology. In: Pinto-da-Rocha, R., Machado, G. & Giribet, G. (Eds.), Harvestmen: The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, pp. 280–308. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv322v442.11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv322v442.11
  6. Edgar, A.L. (1971) Studies on the biology and ecology of Michigan Phalangida (Opiliones). Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 144, 1–64. [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:82181942]
  7. Folmer, O., Black, M., Hoeh, W., Lutz, R. & Vrijenhoek, R.C. (1994) DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology, 3 (5), 294–299. [https://www.mbari.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Folmer_94MMBB.pdf]
  8. Hirst, A.S. (1911) On some new Opiliones from Japan and the Loo-Choo Islands. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 8 (47), 625–636. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222931108693070 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222931108693070
  9. Kumekawa, Y., Fujimoto, H., Miura, O., Arakawa, R., Yokoyama, J. & Fukuda, T. (2021) Morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses of Zepedanulus ishikawai (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores: Epedanidae) in the southern part of the Ryukyu Archipelago. The Canadian Entomologist, 153 (6), 800–827. https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2021.42 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2021.42
  10. Kury, A.B. (1993) Análise filogenética de Gonyleptoidea (Arachnida, Opiliones, Laniatores). Unpublished Ph. D. Thesis, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 73 pp. [in Spanish]
  11. Kury, A.B. (2003) Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Iberica de Aracnologìa, 1, 1–337. [https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/kip_articles/259]
  12. Kury, A.B. (2007) Taxonomy. In: Pinto-da-Rocha, R.; Machado, G. & Giribet, G. (Eds.), Harvestmen: The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, pp. 88–246. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv322v442.8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv322v442.8
  13. Kury, A.B., Pérez-González, A. & Proud, D. (2019) A new Indo-Malayan family of Grassatores (Arachnida, Opiliones, Laniatores). Invertebrate Systematics, 33 (6), 892–906. https://doi.org/10.1071/IS19035 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/IS19035
  14. Kury, A.B. & Villarreal, M.O. (2015) The prickly blade mapped: establishing homologies and a chaetotaxy for macrosetae of penis ventral plate in Gonyleptoidea (Arachnida, Opiliones, Laniatores). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 174 (1), 1–46. https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12225 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12225
  15. Kury, A.B., Mendes, A.C., Cardoso, L., Kury, M.S., Granado, A.de A. Giribet, G., Cruz-López J.A., Longhorn S.J., Medrano, M., Kury, I.S. & Souza-Kury, M.A. (2022) World Catalogue of Opiliones. WCO-Lite version 2.4.0. Available from: https://wcolite.com/ (accessed 15 July 2022)
  16. Li, S.Q. & Song, D.X. (1993) A revision of Chinese Harvestmen, with a note on their geographical distribution. Scientific Treatise on Systematic and Evolutionary Zoology, 2, 237–245.
  17. Lian, W.G., Zhang, C. & Zhang, F. (2011) Review of the genus Plistobunus Pocock, 1903, with description of a new species from Hainan Island, China (Opiliones, Laniatores, Epedanidae). ZooKeys, 112, 39–52. https://doi,org/10.3897/zookeys.112.1110 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.112.1110
  18. Lian, W.G., Zhu, M.S. & Kury, A.B. (2008) A new species of the genus Tithaeus from China (Arachnida: Laniatores: Epedanidae). Zootaxa, 1841 (1), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1841.1.4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1841.1.4
  19. Loman, J.C.C. (1906) Opilioniden aus Neu-Guinea. Nova Guinea, 5, 1–8. [in German]
  20. Martens, J. (1986) Die Grossgliederung der Opiliones und die Evolution der Ordnung (Arachnida). In: Barrientos, J.A. (Eds.), Actas del X Congreso Internacional de Aracnologia. Editorial Juvenil, Barcelona, pp. 289–310. [in German]
  21. Martens, J. (2020) A mysterious dwarf: Suthepiidae nov. fam., a new harvestman family from mountains of northern Thailand (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores). Revue suisse de Zoologiem, 127, 381–391. https://doi.org/10.35929/RSZ.0028 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35929/RSZ.0028
  22. Montesanto, G. (2015) A Fast GNU method to draw accurate scientific illustrations for taxonomy. ZooKeys, 515, 191–206. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.515.9459 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.515.9459
  23. Pinto-da-Rocha, R., Bragagnolo, C., Marques, F.P.L. & Antunes Junior, M. (2014) Phylogeny of harvestmen family Gonyleptidae inferred from a multilocus approach (Arachnida: Opiliones). Cladistics, 30, 519–539. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12065 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12065
  24. Proud, D.N. & Townsend, V.R. (2019) Unusual penis morphology among cosmetid harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) from Mesoamerica. Zoomorphology, 138 (2), 233–47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00435-019-00432-w DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00435-019-00432-w
  25. Pocock, R.I. (1903) Fifteen new species and two new genera of tropical southern Opiliones. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 11 (65), 433–450. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930308678797 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930308678797
  26. Rambla, M. (1978) Systematics of laniatorid Opiliones. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London, 42, 303–307.
  27. Roewer, C.F. (1911) Ost-asiatische Opiliones. Zoologische Jahrbücher, 31, 591–612. [in German]
  28. Roewer, C.F. (1912) Die Familien der Assamiiden und Phalangodiden der Opiliones-Laniatores (Assamiden, Dampetriden, Phalangodiden, Epedaniden, Biantiden, Zalmoxiden, Samoiden, Palpipediden anderer Autoren). Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 78 (3), 1–242. [in German]
  29. Roewer, C.F. (1915) 106 neue Opilioniden. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 81, 1–152. [in German]
  30. Roewer, C.F. (1923) Die Weberknechte der Erde. Systematische Bearbeitung der bisher bekannten Opiliones. Gustav Fischer, Jena, 1116 pp. [in German]
  31. Roewer, C.F. (1927) Ostasiatische Opiliones, von Herrn Prof. F. Silvestri im Jahre 1925 erbeutet. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della Facoltà Agraria in Portici, 20, 191–210. [in German]
  32. Roewer, C.F. (1938) Über Acrobuninae, Epedaninae und Sarasinicinae. Weitere Weberknechte IX. (9. Ergänzung der “Weberknechte der Erde” 1923). Veröffentlichungen aus dem Deutschen Kolonial- und Übersee-Museum in Bremen, 2, 81–169. [in German]
  33. Schwendinger, P.J. & Martens, J. (2002) A taxonomic revision of the family Oncopodidae III. Further new species of Gnomulus Thorell (Opiliones, Laniatores). Revue Suisse De Zoologie, 109 (1), 47–113. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.79580 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.79580
  34. Sørensen, W.E. (1884) Opiliones Laniatores (Gonyleptides W. S. Olim) Musei Hauniensis. Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, 14 (3), 555–646. [in German]
  35. Sørensen, W.E. (1886) Opiliones. In: Koch, L.C.C. & Keyserling, E.von (Eds.), Die Arachniden Australiens nach der Natur beschrieben und abgebildet. Bauer & Raspe, Nürnberg, pp. 53–86.
  36. Sørensen, W.E. (1932) Descriptiones Laniatorum (Arachnidorum Opilionum Subordinis). (Opus posthumum recognovit et edidit Kai L. Henriksen). Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs skrifter, Naturvidenskabelig og Mathematisk Afdeling, 3, 197–422. [in German]
  37. Suzuki, S. (1967) A remarkable new phalangodid, Parabeloniscus nipponicus (Phalangodidae, Opiliones, Arachnida) from Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 40, 194–199.
  38. Suzuki, S. (1969) Some phalangids from Thailand. Journal of Science of the Hiroshima University, 22 (3), 79–101.
  39. Suzuki, S. (1969) On a collection of opilionids from Southeast Asia. Journal of Science of the Hiroshima University, 22 (2), 11–77.
  40. Thorell, T.T.T. (1876) Descrizione di alcune specie di Opilioni dell' Arcipelago Malese appartenenti al Museo Civico di Genova. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 9, 111–138. [in German]
  41. Ubick, D. & Briggs, T.S. (1989) The harvestmen family Phalangodidae. 1. The new genus Calicina, with notes on Sitalcina (Opiliones: Laniatores). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 46, 95–136. [https://biostor.org/reference/78259]
  42. Wang, F.C. (1953) A list of Chinese spiders of the order Opiliones. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 3, 503–512.
  43. Wolff, J.O., Schönhofer, A.L., Martens, J., Wijnhoven, H., Taylor, C.K. & Gorb, S.N. (2016) The evolution of pedipalps and glandular hairs as predatory devices in harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 177 (3), 558–601. https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12375 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12375
  44. Xiong, B. & Kocher, T.D. (1991) Comparison of mitochondrial DNA sequences of seven morphospecies of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae). Genome, 34 (2), 306–311. https://doi.org/10.1139/g91-050 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/g91-050
  45. Zhang, C., & Martens, J. (2020) A taxonomic study on Epedanidae from Thailand including functional aspects of male genital morphology (Opiliones, Laniatores). ZooKeys, 915, 25–58. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.915.47626 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.915.47626
  46. Zhang, C. & Zhang, F. (2012) A new species of Parabeloniscus (Opiliones: Laniatores: Epedanidae) from China. Zootaxa, 3565 (1), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3565.1.5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3565.1.5