Alex Barco
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to investigate whether robot morphology (i.e., anthropomorphic, zoomorphic, or caricatured) influences children's perceptions of animacy, anthropomorphism, social presence, and perceived similarity. Based on a sample of 35 children aged seven to fourteen, we found that, depending on the robot's morphology, children's perceptions of anthropomorphism, social presence and perceived similarity varied, with the anthropomorphic robot typically ranking higher than the zoomorphic robot. Our findings suggest that the morphology of social robots should be taken into account when planning, analyzing, and interpreting studies on child-robot interaction.
- KPMG. 2016. Social Robots: 2016's New Breed of Social Robots Is Ready to Enter Your World. KPMG Advisory N.V, Arnhem.Google Scholar
- Terrence Fong, Illah Nourbakhsh, and Kerstin Dautenhahn. 2003. A survey of socially interactive robots. Robotics and autonomous systems 42.3--4, pp. 143--166. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921--8890(02)00372-XGoogle Scholar
- Christoph Bartneck, Takayuki Kanda, Omar Mubin, and Abdullah Al Mahmud. 2009. Does the design of a robot influence its animacy and perceived intelligence? International Journal of Social Robotics 1, no. 2, pp. 195--204. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-009-0013--7Google ScholarCross Ref
- Tracy L. Sanders, William Volante, Kimberly Stowers, Theresa Kessler, Katharina Gabracht, Brandon Harpold, Paul Oppold, and Peter A. Hancock. 2015. The influence of robot form on trust. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 1510--1514. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1541931215591327Google Scholar
- Robert A Paauwe, Johan F. Hoorn, Elly A. Konijn, and David V. Keyson. 2015. Designing robot embodiments for social interaction: affordances topple realism and aesthetics. International Journal of Social Robotics 7, no. 5, pp. 697--708. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-015-0301--3Google ScholarCross Ref
- Marta Díaz Boladeras, Neus Nuño Bermudez, Joan Sàez Pons, Diego Esteban Pardo Ayala, Cecilio Angulo Bahón, and Amara Andrés. 2011. Building up child-robot relationship: From initial attraction towards long-term social engagement. In Human Robot Interaction ('11). Workshop on expectations in intuitive human-robot interaction, pp. 17--22. 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/FG.2011.5771375Google Scholar
- Ching-Ching Cheng, Kuo-Hung Huang, and Siang-Mei Huang. 2017. Exploring young children's images on robots. Advances in Mechanical Engineering 9, no. 4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1687814017698663Google Scholar
- Sarah Woods. 2006. Exploring the design space of robots: Children's perspectives. Interacting with Computers 18, no. 6, pp. 1390--1418. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intcom.2006.05.001Google ScholarDigital Library
- Fang-Wu Tung. 2016. Child perception of humanoid robot appearance and behavior. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 32, no. 6, pp. 493--502. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2016.1172808Google ScholarCross Ref
- Jérôme Dinet, and Robin Vivian. 2014. Exploratory investigation of attitudes towards assistive robots for future users. Le travail humain 77, no. 2, pp. 105--125. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3917/th.772.0105Google Scholar
- Masahiro Shiomi, Kasumi Abe, Yachao Pei, Narumitsu Ikeda, and Takayuki Nagai. "I'm Scared: Little Children Reject Robots." In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Human Agent Interaction, pp. 245--247. ACM, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/2974804.2980493Google ScholarDigital Library
- Caroline L. van Straten, Jochen Peter, and Rinaldo Kühne. 2019. Child--Robot Relationship Formation: A Narrative Review of Empirical Research. International Journal of Social Robotics. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-019-00569-0Google Scholar
- Chiara de Jong, Jochen Peter, Rinaldo Kühne, and Alex Barco. 2019. Children's acceptance of social robots: A narrative review of the research 2000--2017. Interaction Studies 20, no. 3, pp. 393--425. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/is.18071.jonGoogle ScholarCross Ref
- Chiara de Jong, Rinaldo Kühne, Jochen Peter, Caroline L. van Straten, and Alex Barco. (in press). What do children want from a social robot? Toward gratifications measures for child-robot interaction. In Proceedings of the 28th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication.Google Scholar
- Caroline L. van Straten, Jochen Peter, Rinaldo Kühne, and Alex Barco. (in press). Transparency about a robot's lack of human psychological capacities: Effects on child-robot perception and relationship formation. Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction.Google Scholar
- Chiara de Jong, Caroline van Straten, Jochen Peter, Rinaldo Kühne, and Alex Barco. 2018. Children and social robots: Inventory of measures for CRI research. In IEEE Workshop on Advanced Robotics and its Social Impacts (ARSO), pp. 44--45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ARSO.2018.8625764Google ScholarDigital Library
- Caroline L. van Straten, Rinaldo Kühne, Jochen Peter, Chiara de Jong, and Alex Barco. (in press). Closeness, trust, and perceived social support in child-robot relationship formation: Development and validation of three self-report scales. Interaction Studies.Google Scholar
- Rachel L. Severson, and Kristi M. Lemm. 2016. Kids see human too: Adapting an individual differences measure of anthropomorphism for a child sample. Journal of Cognition and Development 17, no. 1, pp. 122--141. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2014.989445Google ScholarCross Ref
- Chin-Chang Ho, and Karl F. MacDorman. 2010. Revisiting the uncanny valley theory: Developing and validating an alternative to the Godspeed indices. Computers in Human Behavior 26, no. 6, pp. 1508--1518. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2010.05.015Google ScholarDigital Library
- Marcel Heerink, Ben Kröse, Vanessa Evers, and Bob Wielinga. 2010. Assessing acceptance of assistive social agent technology by older adults: the Almere model. International Journal of Social Robotics 2, no. 4, pp. 361--375. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-010-0068--5Google ScholarCross Ref
- James C., McCroskey, Virginia P. Richmond, and John A. Daly. 1975. The development of a measure of perceived homophily in interpersonal communication. Human Communication Research 1, no. 4, pp. 323--332. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468--2958.1975.tb00281.xGoogle ScholarCross Ref
Index Terms
- Robot Morphology and Children's Perception of Social Robots: An Exploratory Study
Recommendations
Towards a design method for expressive robots
HRI '09: Proceedings of the 4th ACM/IEEE international conference on Human robot interactionAutonomous robots tend to induce the perception of a personality through their behavior and appearance. It has been suggested that the personality of a robot can be used as a design guideline and as a mental model of the robot. We propose a method to ...
Robot-Assisted Training for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review
AbstractAn array of developmental disorders known collectively as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that can cause significant social interaction, communication, and behavioral challenges. To remedy this autistic impact at its very early stage, researchers ...
Effects of form and motion on judgments of social robots' animacy, likability, trustworthiness and unpleasantness
One of robot designers' main goals is to make robots as sociable as possible. Aside from improving robots' actual social functions, a great deal of effort is devoted to making them appear lifelike. This is often achieved by endowing the robot with an ...
Comments