Abstract
The Baikal center of phytodiversity is a consequence of complicate orographic dislocations that caused conjugated changes in the climate and geochemical processes in the lithosphere. The climatic changes led to adaptive florogenesis. Three phenomena of this kind have been recorded in the Baikal region. The most ancient (Early Tertiary) endemism is connected with the formation of forms of mountainous xerophytic elements of the Selenga Nountains (Vicia tscydenii Malyschev, Festuca dahurica (St.-Yves) V. Krecz. et Bobrov, Astragalus chorinensis Bunge). The latest endemics are found in the mountains of Northeastern Baikal region, their subspecies rank points to their young age and is more clearly exhibited in boreal genera Carex (C. pediformis ssp. kirilovii Turcz.), Festuca (F. ovina ssp. vylazaniae E. Alexeev, F. rubra ssp. baikalensis (Griseb.) Tzvelev), Draba (D. hirta ssp. bargusinensis Nikiforova), etc. An intermediate position in the temporal and florogenetic aspect is expressed in the endemism of the Sayan-Hangayn Range where speciation manifested itself both in the generic series of boreal genesis (Carex tatjanae Malyschev, Stellaria bungeana Fenzl s. str.), and in the ancient Mediterranean ones (Allium malyschevii N. Friesen, Oxytropis kuznetzovii Kryl. et Steinb., Artemisia pycnorhyza Ledeb.).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
V. B. Sochava, Uch. Zap. LGPI imeni Gertsena 73, 3 (1948).
A. N. Krishtofovich, in Materials on History of Flora and Vegetation of the USSR (Izd. AN SSSR, Moscow-Leningrad, 1958), Issue 3, pp. 7–42 [in Russian].
A. Yu. Korolyuk and B. B. Namzalov, Sibirskii Ekologicheskii Zh. 6(5), 495 (1999).
N. B. Ermakov, “Hemiboreal Forests of Continental North Asia (Classification, Ordination, Analysis of Cenofloras),” Doctoral Dissertation in Biology (Novosibirsk, 2001).
K. I. Osipov, in Study of Flora and Vegetation of Transbaikalia (BGU, Ulan-Ude, 1998), pp. 84–88 [in Russian].
N. V. Pavlov, in Materials of Commission of Academy of Sciences of the USSR on Study of Mongolian and Tannu-Tuva People Republics and Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Republic (Leningrad, 1929), Issue 2, pp. 3–72 [in Russian].
R. V. Kamelin, Botanicheskii Zh. 72(12), 1580 (1987).
B. B. Namzalov, in Abstracts of 1st International Scientific Conference (26–28 November, 2002, Barnaul) (AltGU, Barnaul, 2002), p. 62 [in Russian].
M. G. Popov, Basic Florogenetics (Izd. AN SSSR, Moscow-Leningrad, 1963) [in Russian].
A. G. Peshkova, Steppe Flora of the Baikal region (Nauka, Moscow, 1972) [in Russian].
A. S. Pleshanov, in Study of Flora and Vegetation of Transbaikalia. Proceedings of Regional Scientific Conference (BGU, Ulan-Ude, 1998), pp. 32–35 [in Russian].
V. V. Reverdatto, Sistematicheskie Zametki Gerbariya Tomskogo Univ., No. 3–4, 1 (1928).
N. N. Tsvelev, Botanicheskii Zh. 56(9) (1971).
B. B. Namzalov, Izv. SO AN SSSR. Ser. Biol. Nauk 2(12), 16 (1986).
E. A. Alekseev, in Flora of Siberia—Poaceae (Nauka, Novosibirsk, 1990), Vol. 2, pp. 130–162 [in Russian].
R. A. Baldaeva, in Study of Flora and Vegetation of Transbaikalia. Proceedings of Regional Scientific Conference (BGU, Ulan-Ude, 1998), pp. 20–21 [in Russian].
D. B. Bazarov, Cenozoic of Cisbaikalia and West Transbaikalia (Nauka, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, 1986) [in Russian].
B. A. Bykov, History of Flora of Kazakhstan and Central Asia (Nauka KazSSR, Alma-Ata, 1979) [in Russian].
I. M. Krasheninnikov, Sov. Botanika, No. 4, 3 (1937).
B. B. Namzalov and T. M. Grishkina, in Problems of Study of Vegetation Cover of Siberia. Abstracts of Conference (TGU, Tomsk, 1995), pp. 112–114 [in Russian].
L. I. Malyshev and G. A. Peshkova, Needing Preservation—Rare and Endangered Plants of Central Siberia (Nauka, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, 1979) [in Russian].
E. J. Jager, H. Hanelt, and C. Davazamc, Flora 177(1–2), 45 (1985).
B. B. Namzalov, in Biodiversity of Baikal Siberia (Nauka, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, 1999), pp. 184–192 [in Russian].
L. I. Malyshev, Sibirskii Ekologicheskii Zh. 9(5), 531 (2002).
B. A. Yurtsev, Relict Steppe Complexes of Northeastern Asia (Problems of Reconstruction of Cryoxerotic Landscapes of Beringia) (Nauka, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, 1981) [in Russian].
J. Matthews, A Review of the Paleontological Evidence (Paper) (Ottawa, 1979).
G. A. Peshkova, in History of Vegetation Cover of North Asia (Nauka, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, 1984), pp. 144–156 [in Russian].
Flora of Central Siberia, Vols. 1 and 2 (Nauka, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, 1979) [in Russian].
I. M. Krasheninnikov, in Materials on History of Flora and Vegetation of the USSR (Izd. AN SSSR, Moscow-Leningrad, 1958), Issue 3, pp. 64–129 [in Russian].
K. A. Sobolevskaya, in Materials on History of Flora and Vegetation of the USSR (Izd. AN SSSR, Moscow-Leningrad, 1958), Issue 3, pp. 249–315 [in Russian].
V. P. Sedel’nikov, High-Altitude Vegetation of Altai-Sayan Mountain Region (Nauka, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, 1988) [in Russian].
B. B. Namzalov, Steppes of South Siberia (BNTs SO RAN, Ulan-Ude, 1994) [in Russian].
R. A. Baldaeva and B. B. Namzalov, Genus Fescue (Festuca L.) in Baikal Siberia (BGU, Ulan-Ude, 2002) [in Russian].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © B.B. Namzalov, 2009, published in Sibirskii Ekologicheskii Zhurnal, 2009, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 563–571.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Namzalov, B.B. Baikal phytogeographic node as the newest center of endemism of Inner Asia. Contemp. Probl. Ecol. 2, 341–347 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995425509040079
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995425509040079