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Exotic Spin Structures in Transition-Metal Monosilicides and Monogermanides

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Abstract

Monosilicides and monohermanides of transition metals (e.g., MnSi) are characterized by a noncentrosymmetric structure of the B20 type, which leads to the occurrence of the Dzyaloshinski–Moriya (DM) interaction and, as a consequence, helicoidal magnetic ordering. The sign of the DM interaction determines the direction (clockwise or anticlockwise) of magnetic-helicoid twist. It is found that the type of atoms (e.g., Mn and Fe) present in a compound corresponds unambiguously to the sign of DM interaction in both silicides and germanides of transition metals. In turn, the replacement of Mn with Fe atoms in \({\text{M}}{{{\text{n}}}_{{1-x}}}\)FexGe (and some other) solid solutions results in a flip of the magnetic system chirality. These compounds demonstrates also a complex nature of the first-order temperature phase transition (close to the second-order one), complicated by a multicomponent order parameter and accompanied by a wide range of critical helical fluctuations. The magnetic field–temperature (H–T) phase diagram demonstrates occurrence of a new phase with a skyrmion lattice structure, or A-phase, in a narrow range of fields near the phase-transition point. Application of pressure or replacement of Mn with Fe or Co atoms leads to disappearance of long-range magnetic order and occurrence of a quantum phase transition. This review contains the experimental results obtained using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and characterizing the magnetic properties and phase diagrams of helicoidal magnets.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are grateful to V.A. Dyad’kin, S.-A. Siegfried, E.V. Moskvin, N. Martin, and I. Mirebeau for their active participation in the experiments and fruitful discussion of the obtained results. We are also grateful to D. Menzel, L.N. Fomicheva, and A.V. Tsvyashchenko for supplying the samples for studies.

Funding

This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant no. 17-1201050).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. St. Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300, Gatchina, Leningrad oblast, Russia

    E. V. Altynbaev & S. V. Grigoriev

  2. Vereshchagin Institute for High Pressure Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142190, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia

    E. V. Altynbaev

  3. National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182, Moscow, Russia

    N. M. Chubova

  4. St. Petersburg State University, 198504, St. Petersburg, Russia

    S. V. Grigoriev

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  1. E. V. Altynbaev
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Altynbaev, E.V., Chubova, N.M. & Grigoriev, S.V. Exotic Spin Structures in Transition-Metal Monosilicides and Monogermanides. Crystallogr. Rep. 67, 118–136 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063774522010023

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