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In Situ SAXS Study on the Structure Evolution of SnO2/Graphene Nanocomposite Anode Materials during the Discharges

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Abstract

With the increasing energy demands for electronic devices and electrical vehicles, anode materials for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) with high specific capacity, good cyclic and rate performances become one of the focal areas of research. SnO2 has been studied as a promising anode material for LIBs due to its high theoretical capacity. However, the large volume expansion and severe structural collapse during cycles are serious. SnO2/graphene composite is fabricated as LIBs anode material and systematically investigated by XRD, SEM, XPS, and SAXS. The nanostructural evolutions of SnO2 nanoparticles and SnO2/graphene nanocomposite as anode materials are studied during the first and the tenth discharges by in situ electrochemical-SAXS technique. During the first to the tenth discharges, the SnO2 nanospheres tended to pulverize after expanding. The SnO2/graphene composite also expanded after discharge, but it didn’t pulverize immediately after the tenth discharge. SAXS results also demonstrated that the multihierarchical scatterers in the anode materials can be roughly divided into gap, interspace, SnO2 nanoparticles, nanopores and so on. These results suggested that this composite structure can buffer large volume changes and effectively prevent the detachment and pulverization of SnO2 during the lithiation and delithiation processes. This research is of great significance for exploring energy storage materials for LIBs with higher stable cycling performance.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This work was carried out with the support of 1W2A beamline at Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility.

Funding

This work is supported by the Nature Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (no. LH2019A025), Basic scientific research project of colleges and universities in Heilongjiang Province (no. 135509215) and supported by the College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Heilongjiang Province (no. 202110232085).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composition Material, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qiqihar University, 161006, Qiqihar, China

    Fengyu Lv, Hongge Jia, Shuhua Li, Xunhai Zhang & Weidong Cheng

  2. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China

    Xiuxiu Wang, Xueqing Xing & Zhonghua Wu

  3. Department of physics, Qiqihar University, 161006, Qiqihar, China

    Yanfen Liu

  4. Department of Practice Teaching and Equipment Management, Qiqihar University, 161006, Qiqihar, China

    Zhaojun Wu

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  1. Fengyu Lv
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Fengyu Lv, Wang, X., Liu, Y. et al. In Situ SAXS Study on the Structure Evolution of SnO2/Graphene Nanocomposite Anode Materials during the Discharges. Russ J Electrochem 59, 1206–1220 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1023193524020095

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