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Role of Cellular DNA Repair Systems in HIV-1 Replication

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Abstract—

A serious problem in the treatment of HIV infection is the emergence of drug-resistant forms of the virus. One promising approach to solving this problem is the development of inhibitors of the interaction between viral proteins with cellular co-factors. However, the development of this approach is hampered due to the lack of knowledge about the involvement of cellular proteins in the pathogenesis of HIV infection. In particular, it is known that the integration of viral DNA into the host genome generates numerous lesions in the cellular DNA, the repair of which is absolutely necessary for successful replication of the virus. However, it is still unknown which cellular proteins are involved in repairing this damage. In this review, we summarize what is known to date about the role of cellular repair systems in the replication of HIV-1 in general, and in the repair of damage that occurs during the integration of viral DNA into a cell’s genome, in particular.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical Department, Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    A. N. Anisenko & M. B. Gottikh

  2. Belozersky Institute of Physical and Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    M. B. Gottikh

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Correspondence to A. N. Anisenko.

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Translated by D. Timchenko

Abbreviations: PIC, pre-integration complex; PI3K, phosphoinositide-3-kinase; DNA-PK, DNA-dependent protein kinase; ATM, аtaxia telangiectasia mutated protein; ATR, serine–threonine protein kinase, or ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein; DNA-PKcs, catalytic subunit of DNA-PK; PARP, poly(АDP-ribose)-polymerase; NHEJ, non-homologous end joining repair mechanism; HR, homologous recombination; LigIV, ligase IV; RPA, replication protein A; AP site, apurinic/apyrimidinic site; BER, base excision repair; NER, nucleotide excision repair; RT, HIV-1 reverse transcriptase; IN, HIV-1 integrase; VSV-G, surface glycoprotein G of vesicular stomatitis virus; RSV, Rous sarcoma virus; MMLV, Moloney murine leukemia virus; A-MuLV, Abelson murine leukemia virus; MEF, mouse embryonic fibroblasts; MOI, multiplicity of infection.

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Anisenko, A.N., Gottikh, M.B. Role of Cellular DNA Repair Systems in HIV-1 Replication. Mol Biol 53, 313–322 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0026893319030026

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