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Brain aging and mitochondria-targeted plastoquinone antioxidants of SkQ-type

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Abstract

Normal brain aging leads to decrease in cognitive functions, shrink in brain volume, loss of nerve fibers and degenerating myelin, reduction in length and branching of dendrites, partial loss of synapses, and reduction in expression of genes that play central roles in synaptic plasticity, vesicular transport, and mitochondrial functioning. Impaired mitochondrial functions and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species can contribute to the damage of these genes in aging cerebral cortex. This review discusses the possibility of using mitochondria-targeted antioxidants to slow the processes of brain aging.

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Abbreviations

LTP:

long-term potentiation

MitoPBN:

mitochondria-targeted α-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone

MitoQ:

10-(6-ubiquinoyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium

MitoVitE:

mitochondria-targeted vitamin E

MRT:

magnetic resonance tomography

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

SkQ1:

10-(6′-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium

SkQR1:

10-(6′-plastoquinonyl)decylrhodamine-19

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russia

    N. K. Isaev

  2. Research Center of Neurology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Volokolamskoe Shosse 80, 125367, Moscow, Russia

    N. K. Isaev, E. V. Stelmashook, I. N. Sharonova & V. G. Skrebitsky

  3. Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russia

    N. K. Isaev & E. V. Stelmashook

  4. Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-ya Baumanskaya ul. 5, 105005, Moscow, Russia

    N. N. Stelmashook

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  1. N. K. Isaev
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  2. E. V. Stelmashook
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  4. I. N. Sharonova
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  5. V. G. Skrebitsky
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Correspondence to N. K. Isaev.

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Original Russian Text © N. K. Isaev, E. V. Stelmashook, N. N. Stelmashook, I. N. Sharonova, V. G. Skrebitsky, 2013, published in Biokhimiya, 2013, Vol. 78, No. 3, pp. 391–397.

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Isaev, N.K., Stelmashook, E.V., Stelmashook, N.N. et al. Brain aging and mitochondria-targeted plastoquinone antioxidants of SkQ-type. Biochemistry Moscow 78, 295–300 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297913030127

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297913030127

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