Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2010, 58(5), 391-398 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050391

Efekt hnojení dusíkem a bórem na výnos a kvalitu řepkového semene

Ladislav Varga1, Otto Ložek1, Ladislav Ducsay1, Peter Kováčik1, Tomáš Lošák2, Jaroslav Hlušek2
1 Slovenská poľnohospodárska univerzita, Katedra agrochémie a výživy rastlín, Trieda A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovenská republika
2 Ústav agrochemie, půdoznalství, mikrobiologie a výživy rostlin, Mendelova univerzita v Brně, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Česká republika

Polní pokusy s ozimou řepkou (Brassica napus L. var. napus) odrůdy Rasmus byly založeny v měsíci srpen v letech 2002-2004 na experimentální stanici v Kolíňanech, která patří Slovenské polnohospodárské univerzitě v Nitře. V pokusech byl sledován vliv jarního foliárního přihnojení řepky dusíkem a bórem ve fázi BBCH 29-30 s ohledem na výnos semene a jeho kvalitativní parametry (HTS, obsah oleje a hrubého proteinu). Do experimentu byl zařazen DAM-390 (roztok dusičnanu amonného a močoviny, 39% N) v dávce 30 kg N/ha a Humix Bór (huminové kyseliny + N, K, B) v dávce 0,240 kg B / ha.
Výnos řepkového semene byl průkazně ovlivněn v jednotlivých letech působením odlišných klimatických podmínek a kolísal následovně: 2003: 1,80-2,29 t / ha; 2004: 2,60-3,35 t / ha; 2005: 2,45-3,29 t / ha. Průkazný pokles výnosu semene v prvním roce experimentu byl zapříčiněn především deficitem srážek v měsících leden, únor, březen a červen 2003 a vysokými teplotami vzduchu v květnu a červnu téhož roku.
Z hlediska individuálních let i tříletého průměru se samotná aplikace Humix Bór neprojevila signifikantně na nárůstu výnosově-kvalitativních parametrů semene oproti nehnojené kontrole. Aplikací jak samotného dusíkatého hnojiva, tak v kombinaci s Humix Bór byl výnos semene i obsah hrubého proteinu zvýšen v průměru 3 let o 22,4-30,7 %, resp. o 4,0-4,9 rel. % v porovnání s nehnojenou kontrolou. U varianty s kombinací dusíku a Humix Bór bylo dosaženo průkazně nejvyššího výnosu semene (2,98 t / ha) oproti všem ostatním variantám (2,28-2,79 t / ha). Obsah oleje v semeni byl průkazně zvýšen pouze při společné aplikaci DAM-390 a Humix Bór na 44,1% oproti nehnojené kontrole (42,8 %). HTS se vlivem hnojení neměnila a kolísala v úzkém rozpětí 4,47-4,67 g.

řepkové semeno, přihnojení, dusík, bór, výnos semene, HTS, olej, hrubý protein

Effect of topdressing with nitrogen and boron on the yield and quality of rapeseed

Field trials with winter rape (Brassica napus L. var. napus) variety Rasmus were established in August in the years 2002-2004 at the experimental station in Kolíňany which belongs to the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra. In the experiments we explore the effect of supplementary spring topdressing of rape with nitrogen and boron in the BBCH 29-30 stage with regard to the yields of seeds and their qualitative parameters (TSW, content of oil and crude protein). In the experiment we applied DAM-390 (solution of ammonium nitrate and urea, 30% N) at a rate of 30 kg N/ha and Humix Bór (humic acids + N, K, B) at a rate of 0.240 kg B/ha. The different climate conditions in the respective years had a significant effect on yields of rapeseed and ranged as follows: 2003: 1.80-2.29 t/ha; 2004: 2.60-3.35 t/ha; 2005: 2.45-3.29 t/ha. The significant decrease in seed yields in the first year of the experiment was caused namely by the deficit in precipitation in January, February and June 2003 and high temperatures in May and June in the same year. In terms of the individual years and the three-year average the application of Humix Bór itself did not significantly improve the yield and qualitative parameters of seeds compared to the unfertilised control. In a three-year average the application of the N fertiliser alone or in combination with Humix Bór increased seed yields and the crude protein content by 22.4-30.7 % and 4.0-4.9 rel. %, respectively, compared to the unfertilised control. The significantly highest seed yields (2.98 t/ha) were achieved when the plants were treated with a combination of nitrogen and Humix Bór as compared to all the other treatments (2.28-2.79 t/ha). The oil content in seeds increased significantly to 44.1% only when treated with a combined application of DAM-390 and Humix Bór as against the unfertilised control (42.8%). Fertilisation did not change the TSW which ranged only between 4.47 and 4.67 g.

Keywords: rapeseed, topdressing, nitrogen, boron, seed yield, TSW, oil, crude protein
Grants and funding:

This study was supported by the Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic, Projects VEGA No. 1/0435/08 and the Research plan No. MSM6215648905 "Biological and technological aspects of sustainability of controlled ecosystems and their adaptability to climate change", which is financed by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic.

Received: May 25, 2010; Published: August 6, 2014  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Varga, L., Ložek, O., Ducsay, L., Kováčik, P., Lošák, T., & Hlušek, J. (2010). Effect of topdressing with nitrogen and boron on the yield and quality of rapeseed. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 58(5), 391-398. doi: 10.11118/actaun201058050391
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. BALÍK, J., PAVLÍKOVÁ, D., TLUSTOŠ, P., SÝKORA, K. and ČERNÝ, J., 2006: The fluctuation of molybdenum content in oilseed rape plants after the application of nitrogen and sulphur fertilizers. Plant Soil Environ., 52: 301-307. Go to original source...
    2. CHAKRABORTY, A. and DAS, D., 2000: Interaction between boron and sulphur on different quality parameters of rape (Brassica campestris L.). Research on Crops, 1: 326-329.
    3. DUCSAY, L. and LOŽEK, O., 2004: Effect of topdressing with nitrogen on the yield and quality of winter wheat grain. Plant Soil Environ., 50: 309-314. DOI: 10.17221/4037-PSE Go to original source...
    4. HUBÍK, K., 1995: The effect of fertilization and year on the bread wheat quality. Rostl. Výr., 41: 521-527. (In Czech)
    5. ISTANBULLUOGLU, A., ARSLAN, B., GOCMEN, E., GEZER, E. and PASA, C., 2010: Effects of deficit irrigation regimes on the yield and growth of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Biosystems Engineering, 105: 388-394. DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2009.12.010 Go to original source...
    6. KARAMANOS, R. E., GOH, T. B. and STONEHOUSE, T. A., 2003: Canola response to boron in Canadian prairie soils. Can. J. Plant Sci., 83: 249-259. DOI: 10.4141/P02-095 Go to original source...
    7. KOLÁŘ, L., KUŽEL, S., PETERKA, J., ŠTINDL, P. and PLÁT, V., 2008: Agrochemical value of organic matter of fermenter wastes in biomass production. Plant, Soil, Environment, 54: 321-328. Go to original source...
    8. KOŽNAROVÁ, V. and KLABZUBA, J., 2002: Recommendation of World Meteorological Organization to describing meteorological or climatological conditions. Rostl. Výr., 48: 190-192. (In Czech) Go to original source...
    9. LOŠÁK, T., 2001: Effect of increasing doses of nitrogen and sulphur on yields, quality and chemical composition of winter rape. Zeszyty problemowe postepów nauk rolniczych. 472: 481-487.
    10. LOŠÁK, T., 2003: Effects of nitrogen and sulphur nutrition on seed yields and oil content in winter rape. Acta agraria et silvestria, Series agraria, 40: 265-270.
    11. LOŠÁK, T., RICHTER, R. and HLUŠEK, J., 2004: The Effect of Nitrogen and Boron Fertilisation on Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) Yield and Composition. Zeszyty problemowe postepów nauk rolniczych. 502: 911-917.
    12. LOŽEK, O., SLAMKA, P. and DUCSAY, L., 2001: Utilization of Sodium Humate in Winter Wheat Nutrition. Humic Substances in Ecosystems, 4: 85-90.
    13. MALHI, S. S., RAZA, M., SCHOENAU, J. J., MERMUT, A. R., KUTCHER, R., JOHNSON, A. M. and GILL, K. S., 2003: Feasibility of boron fertilization for yield, seed quality and B uptake of canola in north-eastern Saskatchewan. Can. J. Soil Sci., 83: 99-108. DOI: 10.4141/S01-081 Go to original source...
    14. MARSCHNER, H., 2002: Mineral nutrition of higher plants. 2nd edition. London: Academic Press, 889 p.
    15. MENGEL, K. and KIRKBY, E. A., 2001: Principles of Plant Nutrition. 5th Edition, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht / Boston / London, 849 p.
    16. MORADI-TELAVAT, M. R., SIADAT, S. A., NADIAN, H. and FATHI, G., 2008: Effect of nitrogen and boron on canola yield and yield components in ahwaz, Iran. Int. J. Agric. Res., 3: 415-422. DOI: 10.3923/ijar.2008.415.422 Go to original source...
    17. NUTTAL, W. F., UKRAINETZ, H., STEWART, J. W. B. and SPURR, D. T., 1987: The effect of nitrogen sulphur and boron on yield and quality of rapeseed. Can. J. Soil Sci., 67: 545-559. DOI: 10.4141/cjss87-051 Go to original source...
    18. NYBORG, M. and HOYT, P. B., 1970: Boron deficiency in turnip rape grown on gray wooded soils. Can. J. Soil Sci. 50: 87-88. DOI: 10.4141/cjss70-013 Go to original source...
    19. PORTER, P. M., 1993: Canola response to boron and nitrogen grown on the southeastern coastal plain. J. Plant Nutr., 16: 2371-2381. DOI: 10.1080/01904169309364694 Go to original source...
    20. RATHKE, G. W., CHRISTEN, O. and DIEPENBROCK, W., 2005: Effects of nitrogen source and rate on productivity and quality of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) grown in different crop rotations. Field Crops Res., 94: 103-113. DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2004.11.010 Go to original source...
    21. RATHKE, G. W., BEHRENS, T. and DIEPENBROCK, W., 2006: Integrated nitrogen management strategies to improve seed yield, oil content and nitrogen efficiency of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.): A review. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environ., 117: 80-108. DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2006.04.006 Go to original source...
    22. SHORROCKS, V., 1997: The occurrence and correction of boron deficiency. Plant and Soil, 193: 121-148. DOI: 10.1023/A:1004216126069 Go to original source...
    23. STANGOULIS, J. C. R., GREWAL, H. S., BELL, R. W. and GRAHAM, R. D., 2000: Boron efficiency in oilseed rape: I. Genotypic variation demonstrated in field and pot grown Brassica napus L. and B. juncea L. Plant Soil, 225: 243-251. DOI: 10.1023/A:1026593528256 Go to original source...
    24. ŠIAUDINIS, G. and LAZAUSKAS, S., 2009: The effect of nitrogen and sulphur fertilisers on spring rape growth and yield. Zemdirbyste, 96: 71-81. (In Lithuanian).
    25. ŠIDLAUSKAS, G. and TARAKANOVAS, P., 2004: Factors affecting nitrogen concentration in spring oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Plant Soil Environ., 50: 227-234. DOI: 10.17221/4026-PSE Go to original source...
    26. VRBA, V., 1987: The Effect of Humus Concentrate on the Growth of Plants in the Initial Period of Vegetation. Rostl. Výr., 33: 1197-1206. (In Czech). Go to original source...
    27. WANG, K., YANG, Y., BELL, R. W., XUE, J. M., YE, Z. Q. and WEI, Y. Z., 1999: Low risks of toxicity from boron fertiliser in oilseed rape-rice rotations in southeast China. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 54: 189-197. DOI: 10.1023/A:1009714132135 Go to original source...
    28. YANG-YUEN, P., TLUSTOŠ, P., BALÍK, J. and VANĚK, V., 1999: Effects of magnesium and nitrogen foliar fertilisers on oilseed rape. Rostl. Výr., 45: 299-303. (In Czech).

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY NC ND 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content