Abstract
Glycerol galactoside (GG; floridoside + isofloridoside) and porphyra-334 (P-334) are contained in nori (Susabinori Porphyra yezoensis and Asakusanori Porphyra tenera). Glycerol galactoside has been found to have bifidogenic growth stimulator activity and P-334 is known to have ultraviolet-absorbing activity in the UVA region of sunlight. These substances have, respectively, potential for application to pre-biotic foods and in cosmetics as a sunscren.. In the present study, to investigate the relationships between GG and P-334 contents and the quality of nori, we measured the GG and P-334 contents with other components (total protein, chlorophyll-a, β-carotene and phycobillins) that are related to the quality of nori samples produced from different production areas and with different qualities. We found that the GG content was closely negatively correlated with the contents of other components, whereas P-334 was positively correlated with the other components. From these results, it is suggested that low-quality nori is a potential source of GG, and as a source for P-334, scraps of nori produced during nori processing should be suitable.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Mumford Tf Jr, Miura A. Porphyra as food: cultivation and economics. In: Lembi CA, Waaland JR (eds). Algae and Human Affairs. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 1988; 91–93.
Noda H, Araso H, Arashima K, Hashimoto S, Nisizawa K. Antitumor activity of polysaccharides and lipids from marine algae. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 1989; 55: 1265–1271.
Yoshizawa Y, Enomoto A, Todoh H, Ametani A, Kaminogawa S. Activation of murine macrophages by polysaccharide from marine algae (Porphyra yezoensis). Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 1993; 57: 1862–1866.
Ishihara K, Oyamada C, Matsushima R, Murata M, Muraoka T. Inhibitory effect of porphyran, prepared from dried ‘Nori’, on contact hypersen itivity in mice. Biosci. Biotechnol, Biochem. 2005; 69; 1824–1830.
Zhang Q, Li N, Zhou G, Lu X, Xu Z, Li Z. In vivo antioxidant activity of polysaccharide fraction from Porphyra haitanesis (Rhodophyta) in aging mice. Pharmacol. Res. 2003; 48: 151–155.
Morita K, Tobiishi K. Increasing effect of nori on the fecal excretion of dioxin by rats. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2002; 66: 2306–2313.
Okai Y, Higashi-Okai K, Yano Y, Otani S. Identification of antimutagenic substances in an extract of edible red alga, Porphyra tenera (Asakusa-nori). Cancer Lett. 1996; 100: 235–240.
Noda H, Amano H, Abo K, Horiguchi Y. Sugars, organic acids, and minerals of ‘nori’ the dried laver Porphyra spp. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 1981; 47: 57–62.
Muraoka T, Hirayama I, Ishihara K, Kunitake H. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho, 2004-328793 (Nov. 12 2004) (in Japanese).
Takano S, Nakanishi A, Uemura D, Hirata Y. Isolation and structure of a 334 nm UV-absorbing substance, porphyra-334 from the red alga Porphyra tenera Kjellman. Chem. Lett. 1979; 26: 419–420.
Karsten U, Sawall T, Hanelt D, Bischof K, Figueroa FL, Flores-Moya A, Wiencke C. An inventory of UV-absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids in macroalgae from polar to warm-temperate regions. Bot. Mar. 1998; 41: 443–453.
Shick JM, Dunlap WC. Mycosporine-like amino acids and related gadusols: biosynthesis, accumulation, and UV-protective functions in aquatic organisms. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 2002; 64: 223–262.
Noda H. Biochemical studies on marine algae-II. Relation between quality and chemical composition of ‘Asakusanori’. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 1971; 37: 30–34.
Noda H. Biochemical studies on marine algae-III. Relation between quality and inorganic constituent of ‘Asakusanori’. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 1971; 37: 35–39.
Noda H. Biochemical studies on marine algae-IV. Relationship between chemical constituents of laver and environmental factors in the culture grounds. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 1971; 37: 391–396.
Ishihara Y, Saito H, Mori N, Takano J. Estimation of quality of protein in dried laver, Porphyra spp. based on bound water. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 1998; 64: 854–861.
Amano H, Noda H. Photosynthetic pigments of five kinds of laver, ‘Nori’. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 1978; 44: 911–916.
Iwamoto M, Hirata T, Suzuki T, Uozumi J, Ishitani T. Feasibility of near infrared diffuse reflectance method for determination of the quality of dried laver (Porphyra yezoensis). Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi 1983; 30: 397–403.
Yoshie Y, Suzuki K, Shirai T, Hirano T. Free amino acids and fatty acids composition in dried nori of various culture locations and prices. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 1993; 59: 1769–1775.
Tamano M, Kitamura H, Sasaki H, Banba Y, Yokoyama E, Tanaka T, Noda H. Quality evaluation of dried laver. Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi 1992; 39: 357–362.
Torres A, Enk CD, Hochberg M, Srebnic M. Porphyra-334, a potential natural source for UVA protective sunscreens. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 2006; 5: 432–435.
Inoue Y, Hori H, Sakurai T, Tokimoto Y, Saito J, Misonou T. Measurement of fluorescence quantum yield of ultraviolet-absorbing substance extracted from red alga Porphyra yezoensis and its photothermal spectroscopy. Opt. Rev. 2002; 9: 75–87.
Zhang Z, Tashiro Y, Matsukawa S, Ogawa H. Influence of pH and temperature on the ultraviolet-absorbing properties of porphyra-334. Fish. Sci. 2005; 71: 1382–1384.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ishihara, K., Oyamada, C., Sato, Y. et al. Relationships between quality parameters and content of glycerol galactoside and porphyra-334 in dried laver nori Porphyra yezoensis . Fish Sci 74, 167–173 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1444-2906.2007.01506.x
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1444-2906.2007.01506.x