Commensurate-incommensurate magnetic phase transition in the Fe-doped bilayer ruthenate ${\mathrm{Ca}}_{3}{\mathrm{Ru}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$

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Commensurate-incommensurate magnetic phase transition in the Fe-doped bilayer ruthenate ${Ca}_{3} {Ru}_{2} O_{7}$

X. Ke, J. Peng, W. Tian, Tao Hong, M. Zhu, and Z. Q. Mao

Phys. Rev. B 89, 220407(R) – Published 23 June 2014

Abstract

Neutron diffraction studies have revealed an uncommon commensurate-incommensurate magnetic phase transition with decreasing temperature in the (∼5%) Fe-doped bilayer ruthenate ${Ca}_{3} (Ru, Fe)_{2} O_{7}$ . An incommensurate phase formed of a cycloidal spiral spin structure coexists with a commensurate one below the phase transition at 42 K and persists down to the lowest temperature, accompanied by higher-order magnetic satellite peaks which indicate the formation of a magnetic soliton lattice. We ascribe these findings to the competing magnetic interactions in this system. This study demonstrates an effective approach to tune novel magnetic and electronic properties of ruthenates via $3 d$ magnetic transition-metal substitution.

Received 2 April 2014

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.89.220407

Authors & Affiliations

X. Ke^1,*, J. Peng^2,3, W. Tian⁴, Tao Hong⁴, M. Zhu¹, and Z. Q. Mao²

¹Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
²Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
³Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
⁴Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA

^*ke@pa.msu.edu

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Vol. 89, Iss. 22 — 1 June 2014

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Figure 1
(a) Schematic spin structure (AFM- $a$ ) of ${Ca}_{3} {Ru}_{2} O_{7}$ and ${Ca}_{3} {(Ru}_{0.95} {Fe}_{0.05})_{2} O_{7}$ at $T_{MIT}$ < $T$ < $T_{N}$ . (b) In-plane view of the AFM- $a$ type magnetic structure showing the ferromagnetic spin alignment. (c) In-plane view of the spiral magnetic structure of ${Ca}_{3} {(Ru}_{0.95} {Fe}_{0.05})_{2} O_{7}$ at $T$ < $T_{MIT}$ with the propagation vector along the [1 0 0] axis. The pink dashed frames in (b) and (c) represent the repeating unit cell.
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Figure 2
(a) Temperature dependence of magnetization of ${Ca}_{3} {(Ru}_{0.95} {Fe}_{0.05})_{2} O_{7}$ measured with a 5000 Oe field applied along different crystalline axes. The data were taken after the sample was cooled down at zero field (ZFC). Inset shows the magnetization data of pure ${Ca}_{3} {Ru}_{2} O_{7}$ for comparison. (b) Temperature dependence of specific heat of ${Ca}_{3} {(Ru}_{0.95} {Fe}_{0.05})_{2} O_{7}$ . The left top inset is the specific heat data of ${Ca}_{3} {Ru}_{2} O_{7}$ for comparison, and the right bottom inset shows the in-plane resistivity as a function of temperature for both compounds. Arrows point to the onset of two magnetic phase transitions.
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Figure 3
Temperature dependence of magnetic diffraction intensity of (0 0 5) and (0.017 0 5) measured in the ( $H$ 0 $L$ ) plane and (0.009 0.009 5) measured in the (H H L) plane of ${Ca}_{3} {(Ru}_{0.95} {Fe}_{0.05})_{2} O_{7}$ . (b) ( $H$ 0 5)- $T$ contour map of the neutron intensity. The top inset shows the temperature dependence of $a$ and $c$ lattice constants and the bottom figure is a $Q$ scan over the (0 0 5) magnetic reflection at $T$ = 10 K. The red solid curve is the calculated result taking into account the instrumental resolution. (c) Extended $Q$ scans over the (0 0 5) magnetic reflection measured at different temperatures showing both first- and third-order satellites. The position of the third-order one is indicated by the arrows. (d) ( $H$ 0 5)-(0 0 $L$ ) contour map of the neutron intensity around the (0 0 5) magnetic Bragg measured at $T$ = 10 K. Inset shows the corresponding contour map of the calculated intensity as described in the text.
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Figure 4
(a) (H H 5)- $T$ contour map of the neutron intensity measured in the (H H L) plane. The inset depicts the (H H 5)-(0 0 $L$ ) contour map of the neutron intensity at $T$ = 10 K. (b)–(d) show $Q$ scans over the (0 0 5) magnetic reflection at $T = 10, 24$ , and 40 K, respectively. Red solid curves are calculated intensities as described in the text with ratio of the commensurate phase to the incommensurate phase of the sample being about 0.17, 0.40, and 0.05 for these three temperatures, respectively.
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Physical Review B

covering condensed matter and materials physics

Commensurate-incommensurate magnetic phase transition in the Fe-doped bilayer ruthenate ${Ca}_{3} {Ru}_{2} O_{7}$

X. Ke, J. Peng, W. Tian, Tao Hong, M. Zhu, and Z. Q. Mao

Phys. Rev. B 89, 220407(R) – Published 23 June 2014

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Physical Review B

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Commensurate-incommensurate magnetic phase transition in the Fe-doped bilayer ruthenate Ca3Ru2O7

X. Ke, J. Peng, W. Tian, Tao Hong, M. Zhu, and Z. Q. Mao

Phys. Rev. B 89, 220407(R) – Published 23 June 2014

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Commensurate-incommensurate magnetic phase transition in the Fe-doped bilayer ruthenate ${Ca}_{3} {Ru}_{2} O_{7}$