Figure 1

(Color online) PR-AFM results on individual ZnO nanobelts. (a) AFM topography image, (b) typical PR spectra for different sample orientations $\phi$ and polarization configurations, and (c)–(f) polar plots of the angular dependence of the Raman intensities for the nanobelt NB A. (g) AFM topography image, (h) typical PR spectra, and (i)–(l) polar plots of the angular dependence of the Raman intensities for the nanobelt NB B. The Raman spectra in (h) exhibit peaks centered at 224 and $275{\text{cm}}^{-1}$ (triangles) that are characteristic of defects in the nanobelt NB B. The Raman spectra are offset vertically for clarity. In (c), (d), (i), and (j), the nanobelt axis is rotated in a fixed polarization configuration (solid squares: copolarized; open squares: cross polarized) and is parallel to the incident polarization for $\phi =0°$. In (e), (f), (k), and (l), the incident polarization is rotated, while the analyzed polarization and the nanobelt axis are fixed. In (e), (f), (k), and (l), at the angle $0°$, the nanobelt is perpendicular to the incident polarization and the incident and analyzed polarizations are parallel (solid squares) or perpendicular (open squares). Typical Raman spectra of the glass cover slip in the copolarized and cross-polarized configurations are shown as a reference in (b) and (h), respectively.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 2

(Color online) Angle between the ZnO nanobelt axis (growth direction) and the $c$ axis of the constituting ZnO wurtzite structure, as a function of the nanobelt length. The nanobelts exhibiting defect peaks in their Raman spectra are indicated by open circles, and the nanobelts without defect peaks by solid squares.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 3

(Color online) Angle between the ZnO nanobelt axis and the $c$ axis of the constituting ZnO wurtzite structure, as a function of the nanobelt width-to-thickness ratio. The nanobelts exhibiting defect peaks in their Raman spectra are indicated by open circles, and the nanobelts without defect peaks by solid squares.Reuse & Permissions