Optical and Raman-scattering studies of a-, b-, and c-axis ${\mathrm{YBa}}_2$${\mathrm{Cu}}_3$${\mathrm{O}}_{6+\mathit{x}}$ between 0.025 and 5.5 eV are presented as a function of doping, and compared to the results of ${\mathrm{Bi}}_2$${\mathrm{Sr}}_2$${\mathrm{CaCu}}_2$${\mathrm{O}}_8$ and ${\mathrm{La}}_{2\mathrm{-}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_4$. Our doping-dependence studies show that the redistribution of spectral weight in the ${\mathrm{CuO}}_2$ planes of ${\mathrm{YBa}}_2$${\mathrm{Cu}}_3$${\mathrm{O}}_{6+\mathit{x}}$ differs significantly from that seen in ${\mathrm{La}}_{2\mathrm{-}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_4$. We also find that the redistribution of spectral weight in the cuprates is primarily responsible for the loss of two-magnon Raman-scattering intensity with doping. Finally, we show that bound-carrier contributions comprise a significantly larger fraction of the spectral weight below 1 eV in lower-${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$ cuprates such as the 2:1:4 compounds than in higher-${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$ cuprates such as ${\mathrm{YBa}}_2$${\mathrm{Cu}}_3$${\mathrm{O}}_{6+\mathit{x}}$ and ${\mathrm{Bi}}_2$${\mathrm{Sr}}_2$${\mathrm{CaCu}}_2$${\mathrm{O}}_8$.

We suggest that the low-frequency conductivity (<1 eV) in the 2:1:4 compounds is most appropriately described by a two-component picture, while that in ${\mathrm{YBa}}_2$${\mathrm{Cu}}_3$${\mathrm{O}}_{6+\mathit{x}}$ and ${\mathrm{Bi}}_2$${\mathrm{Sr}}_2$${\mathrm{CaCu}}_2$${\mathrm{O}}_8$ is adequately described as a single component of strongly interacting carriers. In the metallic phase we find several interesting consequences of a single-component interpretation of the optical data in ${\mathrm{YBa}}_2$${\mathrm{Cu}}_3$${\mathrm{O}}_{6+\mathit{x}}$, such as a linear-in-ω frequency-dependent scattering rate and an increase in the interaction strength with decreased carrier density. Finally, we show that the c-axis optical response in ${\mathrm{YBa}}_2$${\mathrm{Cu}}_3$${\mathrm{O}}_7$ (${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$∼90 K) is characterized by a c-axis polarized Raman continuum and a Drude conductivity arising from interbilayer charge transport along the c direction. With decreased doping, the c-axis Drude response decreases dramatically, indicating a decoupling of the ${\mathrm{CuO}}_2$ plane bilayers in ${\mathrm{YBa}}_2$${\mathrm{Cu}}_3$${\mathrm{O}}_{6+\mathit{x}}$. By comparison, the ab-plane optical response is not strongly influenced by interbilayer decoupling, suggesting that the unusual ab-plane charge dynamics in ${\mathrm{YBa}}_2$${\mathrm{Cu}}_3$${\mathrm{O}}_{6+\mathit{x}}$ persist in nearly isolated ${\mathrm{CuO}}_2$ plane bilayers.

• Received 13 November 1992

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.47.8233