Abstract
The density of vortex excitations and their contribution to the specific heat are discussed for the Villain planar model. Exact results are derived for the low- and high-temperature limits, and a renormalization-group interpolation scheme is developed for intermediate temperatures.
- Received 3 November 1980
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.23.6008
©1981 American Physical Society