Bright and Dark Quadrupolar Excitons in the ${\mathrm{WSe}}_{2}/{\mathrm{MoSe}}_{2}/{\mathrm{WSe}}_{2}$ Heterotrilayer

Bright and Dark Quadrupolar Excitons in the ${WSe}_{2} / {MoSe}_{2} / {WSe}_{2}$ Heterotrilayer

Yongzhi Xie, Yuchen Gao, Fengyu Chen, Yunkun Wang, Jun Mao, Qinyun Liu, Saisai Chu, Hong Yang, Yu Ye, Qihuang Gong, Ji Feng, and Yunan Gao

Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 186901 – Published 30 October 2023

Abstract

Transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures have been extensively studied as a platform for investigating exciton physics. While heterobilayers such as ${WSe}_{2} / {MoSe}_{2}$ have received significant attention, there has been comparatively less research on heterotrilayers, which may offer new excitonic species and phases, as well as unique physical properties. In this Letter, we present theoretical and experimental investigations on the emission properties of quadrupolar excitons (QXs), a newly predicted type of exciton, in a ${WSe}_{2} / {MoSe}_{2} / {WSe}_{2}$ heterotrilayer device. Our findings reveal that the optical brightness or darkness of QXs is determined by horizontal mirror symmetry and valley and spin selection rules. Additionally, the emission intensity and energy of both bright and dark QXs can be adjusted by applying an out-of-plane electric field, due to changes in hole distribution and the Stark effect. These results not only provide experimental evidence for the existence of QXs in heterotrilayers but also uncover their novel properties, which have the potential to drive the development of new exciton-based applications.

Received 6 April 2023
Accepted 25 September 2023

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.186901

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Excitons Valley degrees of freedom

2-dimensional systems Layered semiconductors Transition metal dichalcogenides Twisted heterostructures

Condensed Matter, Materials & Applied Physics

Authors & Affiliations

Yongzhi Xie^1,*, Yuchen Gao^1,*, Fengyu Chen^2,*, Yunkun Wang¹, Jun Mao¹, Qinyun Liu¹, Saisai Chu^1,3,4, Hong Yang^1,3,4, Yu Ye ^1,4, Qihuang Gong^1,3,4, Ji Feng ^2,5,†, and Yunan Gao ^1,3,4,‡

¹State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
²International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
³Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
⁴Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China
⁵Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China

^*These authors contributed equally to this work.
^†Corresponding author: jfeng11@pku.edu.cn
^‡Corresponding author: gyn@pku.edu.cn

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Vol. 131, Iss. 18 — 3 November 2023

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Physical Review Letters

Bright and Dark Quadrupolar Excitons in the WSe2/MoSe2/WSe2 Heterotrilayer

Yongzhi Xie, Yuchen Gao, Fengyu Chen, Yunkun Wang, Jun Mao, Qinyun Liu, Saisai Chu, Hong Yang, Yu Ye, Qihuang Gong, Ji Feng, and Yunan Gao

Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 186901 – Published 30 October 2023

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Bright and Dark Quadrupolar Excitons in the ${WSe}_{2} / {MoSe}_{2} / {WSe}_{2}$ Heterotrilayer