Asymmetric Blockade and Multiqubit Gates via Dipole-Dipole Interactions

Jeremy T. Young, Przemyslaw Bienias, Ron Belyansky, Adam M. Kaufman, and Alexey V. Gorshkov

Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 120501 – Published 17 September 2021

Abstract

Because of their strong and tunable interactions, Rydberg atoms can be used to realize fast two-qubit entangling gates. We propose a generalization of a generic two-qubit Rydberg-blockade gate to multiqubit Rydberg-blockade gates that involve both many control qubits and many target qubits simultaneously. This is achieved by using strong microwave fields to dress nearby Rydberg states, leading to asymmetric blockade in which control-target interactions are much stronger than control-control and target-target interactions. The implementation of these multiqubit gates can drastically simplify both quantum algorithms and state preparation. To illustrate this, we show that a 25-atom Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state can be created using only three gates with an error of 5.8%.

Received 21 July 2020
Revised 11 May 2021
Accepted 13 July 2021

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.120501

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Atomic & molecular processes in external fields Long-range interactions Quantum gates

Rydberg atoms & molecules

Quantum Information, Science & TechnologyAtomic, Molecular & Optical

Authors & Affiliations

Jeremy T. Young ^1,2,3,*, Przemyslaw Bienias ^3,4, Ron Belyansky ^3,4, Adam M. Kaufman ¹, and Alexey V. Gorshkov ^3,4

¹JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
²Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
³Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742 USA
⁴Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742 USA