A model for the $p(e,e^{\prime }{\pi }^{+})n$ reaction which combines an improved treatment of gauge invariant meson-exchange currents and hard deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) of virtual photons off nucleons is proposed. It is shown that DIS dominates and explains the transverse response at moderate and high photon virtualities $Q^2$, whereas the longitudinal response is dominated by hadronic degrees of freedom and the pion electromagnetic form factor. This leads to a combined description of the longitudinal and transverse components of the cross section in a wide range of photon virtuality $Q^2$ and momentum transfer to the target $t$ and solves the longstanding problem of the observed large transverse cross sections. The latter are shown to be sensitive to the intrinsic transverse momentum distribution of partons.

• Received 25 April 2008

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.78.114022