A light scalar $X_0$ or vector $X_1$ particles have been introduced as a possible explanation for the $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ anomaly and dark matter phenomena. Using $(8.998\pm 0.039)\times {10}^{9}J/\psi$ events collected by the BESIII detector, we search for a light muon philic scalar $X_0$ or vector $X_1$ in the processes $J/\psi \to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}{X}_{0,1}$ with $X_{0,1}$ invisible decays. No obvious signal is found, and the upper limits on the coupling $g_{0,1}^{\prime }$ between the muon and the $X_{0,1}$ particles are set to be between $1.1\times {10}^{-3}$ and $1.0\times {10}^{-2}$ for the $X_{0,1}$ mass in the range of $1<M(X_{0,1})<1000\mathrm{MeV}/c^2$ at 90% credibility level.

• Received 3 November 2023
• Revised 14 December 2023
• Accepted 25 January 2024

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.109.L031102

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Published by the American Physical Society