The structural and electronic properties of iron clusters ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{\mathit{n}}$ (n≤5) are studied using a Gaussian orbital local (nonlocal) spin-density method. Starting from n=2 and 3 with localized multiple d bonds and short equilibrium bond lengths, ${\mathit{R}}_{\mathit{e}}$≃2 Å, the bonding evolves towards a metallic s pattern with longer ${\mathit{R}}_{\mathit{e}}$’s and higher atomic magnetic moments. Ferromagnetic ground states are highly favored with the gain in magnetic energy promoting the close-packed structure (for n=3–4) or distortions into more open structures (for n=5).

• Received 11 November 1992

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.47.10955