Coherent and incoherent neutron-matter interaction is studied inside a recently introduced approach to subdynamics of a macrosystem. The equation describing the interaction is of the Lindblad type and, using the Fermi pseudopotential, we show that the commutator term is an optical potential leading to well-known relations in neutron optics. The other terms, usually ignored in optical descriptions and linked to the dynamic structure function of the medium, give an incoherent contribution to the dynamics, which keeps diffuse scattering and attenuation of the coherent beam into account, thus warranting fulfillment of the optical theorem. The relevance of this analysis to experiments in neutron interferometry is briefly discussed.

• Received 28 March 1997

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.56.4826