Abstract
A general formula giving minimum lifetimes for forbidden -transitions of arbitrary order forbidden orbital electron capture is derived. Exact Coulomb wave functions are used for the electron. It is shown that the observed electron emission of requires Gamow-Teller selection rules. Combined with the Konopinski-Uhlenbeck result that only the tensor and vector interactions are compatible with the energy spectra of the -rays from , , and RaE, it follows that the tensor interaction alone can explain both the lifetimes and energy spectra of forbidden -transitions. The application of the tensor interaction to and to the other long-lived -emitters, , , , , and to existing data on orbital electron capture, leads to certain spin and parity predictions about parent and product nuclei—e.g., neither nor can have a spin greater than , the 2-Mev -ray from is associated with -electron capture to an excited state of having even parity, etc. The stability of the known neighboring isobars and the conditions under which -electron capture becomes more probable than -electron capture are also discussed.
- Received 16 January 1942
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.61.431
©1942 American Physical Society